Unit 4: The Iliad Part 2: Objectives

Question 1

What is the plot of the Iliad?

Answer 1

The Iliad follows the final weeks of the Trojan War, focusing on Achilleus’ anger at Agamemnon, his withdrawal from battle, the Greek struggle without him, Patroklos’ death, Achilleus’ revenge on Hektor, and his eventual reconciliation with Priam.

Question 2

How does Achilleus’ character develop over the epic?

Answer 2

Achilleus begins as prideful and wrathful, refusing to fight over a personal insult. After Patroklos’ death, he returns to battle, consumed by rage. By the end, he shows growth by showing mercy to Priam and recognizing shared human suffering.

Question 3

How was the Iliad written?

Answer 3

It was composed orally, likely by Homer, in dactylic hexameter. It was passed down through oral tradition before being written down in the 8th or 7th century BCE.

Question 4

How historically reliable is the Iliad?

Answer 4

While based on real events like the Trojan War, the Iliad is mythological, blending history with legend, poetic exaggeration, and divine intervention.

Question 5

What is the role of mythology in the Iliad?

Answer 5

Mythology drives the plot, with gods influencing battles, aiding heroes, and reflecting human emotions. It also provides deeper meaning to fate, honor, and heroism.