Unit 7: Endocrine System Flashcards
1
Q
hGH
A
Human growth hormone
2
Q
PRL
A
Prolactin
3
Q
LH
A
Luteinizing hormone
4
Q
FSH
A
Follicle Stimulating hormone
5
Q
TSH
A
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
6
Q
MSH
A
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone
7
Q
ACTH
A
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
8
Q
what are the seven hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary gland
A
Human growth hormone (HGH) Prolactin (PRL) Luteinizing hormone (LH) Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
9
Q
Oxt
A
Oxytocin
10
Q
ADH
A
Antidiuretic hormone
11
Q
what are the two hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary gland
A
Oxytocin (Oxt) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH or Vasopressin)
12
Q
T3
A
Triiodothyronine
13
Q
T4
A
Thyroxine
14
Q
thryocalcitonin is also called
A
Calcitonin
15
Q
what are the three hormones secreted by the Thyroid gland
A
Triiodothyronine (T3)
Thyroxine (T4)
Calcitonin
16
Q
PTH
A
Parathyroid hormone
17
Q
what is the hormone secreted by the parathyroid gland
A
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
18
Q
what hormones are secreted by the Adrenal Medulla
A
Epinephrine (Adrenaline)
Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline)
19
Q
glucocorticoids are also called
A
cortisol
20
Q
gonadocorticoids are also called
A
androgens
21
Q
mineral corticoids are also called
A
aldosterone
22
Q
what are the two hormones of the Pancreas (Islets of Langerhans)
A
Insulin
Glucagon
23
Q
what hormone is secreted by the Pineal gland
A
Melatonin
24
Q
what hormone is secreted by the Thymus gland
A
Thymosin
25
what hormones are secreted by the Ovaries
```
Progesterone
Estrogen
Relaxin
Inhibin
(P-E-R-I)
```
26
what hormone is secreted by the Testes
Testosterone
27
what does human growth hormone (hGH) do
stimulates growth
28
what does prolactin (PRL) do
stimulates milk production
29
what does Luteinizing hormone (LH) do
stimulates ovaries and testes
30
what does Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH) do
stimulates production of ova and sperm
31
what does Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) do
stimulates thyroid gland
32
What does Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) do
stimulates melanocytes
33
what does Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) do
stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids
34
what does Oxytocin (Oxt) do
stimulates contraction of uterus and the milk "letdown"
35
what does Antidiuretic (ADH) or Vasopressin do
promotes retention of water by kidneys
36
what does Triiodothyronine (T3) do
stimulates metabolism, homeostasis mechanisms
37
what does Thyroxine (T4) do
stimulates metabolism, homeostasis mechanisms (T4 is a prohormone to T3 which means it aids T3 and does the same actions, but T3 is the main one)
38
what does Calcitonin do
lowers blood calcium
39
what does parathyroid hormone (PTH) do
raises blood calcium
40
what does Epinephrine do
increases rate of metabolism, "fight or flight" response
41
what does Norepinephrine do
decreases rate of metabolism, "rest and relax" response
42
what does glucocorticoids do
regulate metabolic glucose levels
up anti-inflammatory and decrease pro-inflammatory
surfactant production
43
what does gonadocorticoids do
produce androgens (hirsutism)
44
what does insulin do
reduce blood sugar
45
what does glucagon do
raises blood sugar
46
what does melatonin do
biological rhythms (Circardian Cycle/Rhythms)
47
what does Thymosin do
programs T-lymphocytes
48
what does Progesterone do
promotes growth of uterus, lines the uterus during pregnancy
49
what does estrogen do
development and maintenance of sex characteristics
50
what does Inhibin do
inhibits FSH.
in females: release of eggs to monthly, and the graafian follicle during ovulation
in males: inhibits the production of sperm so you don't have excessive sperm (males have very little compared to females)
51
what does Relaxin do
relaxes the pubic symphysis bone for labor and contractions, relaxes pelvic ligaments
52
what is caused by hyposecretion of hGH
Dwarfism
53
what is caused by hypersecretion of hGH in childhood
Gigantism
54
what is caused by hypersecretion of hGH in adulthood
acromegaly
55
what is caused by hyposecretion of Luteinizing hormone
sterility
56
what is caused by hypersecretion of Luteinizing hormone
no known problems
57
what is caused by hyposecretion of Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
diabetes insipidus
58
what is caused by hyposecretion of T3 in children
cretinism
59
what is caused by hyposecretion of T3 in adults
myxedema
60
what is caused by hypersecretion of T3
Graves disease
61
what are two symptoms of Graves disease
Goiter (enlarged thyroid)
| exophthalmos
62
what is caused by hypersecretion of PTH
massive bone destruction
63
what is caused by hypersecretion of Epinephrine
high blood pressure, heart rate, etc.
64
what is caused by hypersecretion of Norepinephrine
High blood pressure, heart rate, etc
65
what is caused by hyposecretion of Epinephrine and norepinephrine
nothing
66
what is caused by hyposecretion of Glucocorticoids (cortisols)
Addison's disease
67
what is caused by hypersecretion of Glucocorticoids (cortisols)
Cushing's syndrome (originates with an adenoma of the pituitary's function of ACTH, but because its excessive cortisol it is a condition of the Adrenal cortex)
68
what is caused by hyposecretion of Insulin
Diabetes Mellitus
69
what is glucagon used to treat
hypoglycemia; by raising the blood sugar
70
what is insulin used to treat
hyperglycemia; by lowering the blood sugar
71
what is caused by hyposecretion of progesterone
infertility, unable to prepare the uterus for a pregnancy; not being pregnant
72
what is caused by hypersecretion of progesterone
possible indication of pregnancy (that's how pregnancy tests work)
73
what is caused by hyposecretion of estrogens or hypersecretion of testosterone in women
hirsutism (women growing facial, chest hair, etc)
74
what is caused by hypersecretion of estrogens or hypo secretion of testosterone in males
gynecomastia (man boobs)
75
what is caused by hyposecretion of testosterone in males
sterility if its to such an extent
76
what is caused by hypersecretion of testosterone in males
no known effects
