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Pre IB Biology 9 - Huff > Unit 7 > Flashcards

Unit 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

Scala Naturae, was a student of Plato

A

Aristotle

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2
Q

two distinctly different worlds, Real and perfect world

A

Plato

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3
Q

Father of Taxonomy but only had two kingdoms in his system.

A

Carolus Linnaeus

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4
Q

Taxon from most inclusive to least inclusive

A

Domain, Kingdoms, Phylums, Classes, Order, Family, Genus, Species

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5
Q

Famous Paleontologist, Theory of Catastrophism

A

Georges Cuvier

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6
Q

tries to explain why organisms seem to suddenly disappear

A

Theory of Catastrophism

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7
Q

Natural selection is ___

A

positive

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8
Q

single gene trait, black or white

A

Phenotypic Polymorphism (A.K.A. Discrete Characters.)

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9
Q

On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection - book

A

Darwin

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10
Q

in Nature there are different levels of success in reproduction based on the ability to survive in that environment

A

Natural Selection

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11
Q

man selects what traits are desirable (beneficial) in a species.

A

Artificial Selection

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12
Q

Four items that define a population

A
  1. Same species of organism.
  2. In the same place.
  3. At the same time.
  4. and showing signs of reproduction.
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13
Q

include skeletal structure, limb structure, or

cephalization - “same”

A

Homologous Structures

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14
Q

organs that appear to have been needed in the past, but are slowly
disappearing

A

Vestigial organs

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15
Q

common stages of development that embryos go through

A

Embryological Homologies`

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16
Q

refers to DNA nucleotide sequences being exact in order and function

A

Molecular Homologies

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17
Q

geographic distribution of species. (Where a species is found.)

A

Biogeography

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18
Q

a species that is only found in one place on earth

A

Endemic

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19
Q

only visually appear to be to be closely related simply because they evolved in similar environments under similar environmental pressures

A

Convergent Evolution

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20
Q

have the same function but different ancestry

A

Analogous Structures

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21
Q

indicates common ancestry

A

Homologous

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22
Q

organisms that are so genetically similar in genome that there exists the potential to breed and produce viable fertile offspring.

A

Species

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23
Q

in one specific given area

A

population

24
Q

cover a wider expanse of territory

A

Geographic range

25
Q

5 conditions for the Hardy-Weinberg Theorem

A
  1. Large population must exist.
  2. No migration in or out of the population is occurring at that time.
  3. No mutations are occurring within the genome.
  4. Random mating is occurring
  5. No natural selection is occurring on the population at this time.
26
Q

Different traits exist within a given species or population

A

Variation

27
Q

Evolution/change on a small scale

A

Microevolution

28
Q

The evolution of a new species or higher taxon in the classification system from a pre-existing species. - Evolution/Change on a large scale - evolution of a new taxon from a pre existing taxon

A

macroevolution

29
Q

several genes involved in the trait

A

Genotypic Polymorphisms (A.K.A. Quantitative Characters.)

30
Q

(Modes or ways of selection “affecting” phenotypic outcomes.

A

Evolutionary flow

31
Q

trait flows in one direction only.

A

Directional

32
Q

separates in opposite directions at the same time.

A

Diversifying

33
Q

moves to the “stable” center.

A

Stabilizing

34
Q

No survival benefit or harm (finger prints)

A

Neutral Variation

35
Q

The two “versions” (male or female)

A

Sexual Dimorphism

36
Q

within one same sex”)
a. Males mainly “fight” for reproductive rights. (It becomes “Survival of the
fittest”, basically.)

A

Intrasexual selection

37
Q

between the two sexes”)

a. Males strut to attract the females attention.

A

Intersexual selection

38
Q

Theory of Gradualism and Geologist

A

James Hutton

39
Q

earth must be very, very

old

A

Theory of Gradualism

40
Q

Principles of Geology and the Theory of Uniformitarianism

A

Charles Lyell

41
Q

same geologic processes that are occurring today, also occurred in the past

A

Theory of Uniformitarianism

42
Q

half-life of radioactive elements that accumulate in an organism over time.

A

Absolute “Radiometric” dating

43
Q

different strata of rock and index fossils to establish a time line

A

Relative Dating

44
Q

Punctuated Equilibrium

A

Stephen Jay Gould

45
Q

ong periods of stability are interrupted
suddenly by a major disruption(such as an asteroid hitting the earth) that causes a mass extinction of existing species to occur. Once all disruption has calmed down, a mass evolution of new species will occur

A

Punctuated Equilibrium

46
Q

largest periods of time.

A

Eras

47
Q

Eras are broken into smaller time frames called

A

Periods

48
Q

super-continent

A

Pangaea

49
Q

Formed 750 mya lasted til 570 mya

A

Snowball Earth

50
Q

Trait that is common to many taxons or clades

A

Shared Primitive Character

51
Q

Trait that is common to one clade only

A

Shared Derived Character

52
Q

common structure

A

Ingroup

53
Q

outcast

A

outgroup

54
Q

Father of Taxonomy

A

Carolus Linnaeus

55
Q

Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics

A

Jean Baptiste Lamarck

56
Q

If an organism uses a body part routinely it must be of importance and therefore that body part will be passed on to the next generation. If an organism does not use a body part, it will disappear over time because it must not be important.

A

Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics

Pre IB Biology 9 - Huff (21 decks)

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