4.2 Molecular Genetics

Question 1

develop the one gene-one enzyme hypothesis

Answer 1

George Beadle and Edward Tatum (1934)

Question 2

the process of making a working copy of an original

Answer 2

Transcription

Question 3

proposes that a single gene has the genetic
information for making one enzyme. This is later changed to become the one gene - one polypeptide (protein) hypothesis; as enzymes are a type of polypeptide (protein).

Answer 3

one gene-one enzyme hypothesis

Question 4

the making of a recyclable, workable copy of DNA but in the form of RNA

Answer 4

Transcription

Question 5

the cell is turning nucleotide language (DNA/RNA) into amino acid language to make
proteins

Answer 5

Translation

Question 6

the RNA language that will be translated into polypeptides.

Answer 6

Codon/Triplet Code

Question 7

three nucleotide sequence of RNA

Answer 7

Codons

Question 8

making of mRNA

Answer 8

mRNA Synthesis

Question 9

Three Phases of Production

Answer 9

Initiation, Elongation, and Termination

Question 10

Three phases of Translation

Answer 10

Initiation, Elongation, and Termination

Question 11

Change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA or mRNA that code for a protein.

Answer 11

Mutation

Question 12

Two major TYPES of Mutations

Answer 12

Point mutations, READING FRAMESHIFT

Question 13

Point mutations

Answer 13

Silent, Missense, Nonsense Point Mutation

Question 14

The whole DNA “sentence” is changed behind the mutation

Answer 14

READING FRAMESHIFT