4.1 Molecular Genetics

Question 1

worked with the T2 Bacteriophage and E. Coli bacteria

Answer 1

Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase (in 1952)

Question 2

The rule states that, for all organisms, [A] = [T] and [C] = [G].

Answer 2

Chargaff’s Rule

Question 3

Chargaff’s Rule

Answer 3

• Erwin Chargaff (in 1947)

* A=T and C=G

Question 4

performed X-ray Crystallography on DNA

Answer 4

Rosalind Franklin (in the 1950’s)

Question 5

construct the first accurate model of DNA.

Answer 5

ames Watson and Francis Crick (in 1953)

Question 6

The Double Helix backbone is composed of

Answer 6

hosphorus and the 5-Carbon sugar Deoxyribose

Question 7

The “rungs or steps of the ladder” would be

Answer 7

Purine base + Pyrimidine Base. (A=T and C=G)

Question 8

Purines

Answer 8

A&G

Question 9

Pyrimidines

Answer 9

C&T

Question 10

hold the two sides together and it is twisted into the Double Helix shape

Answer 10

Hydrogen Bonds

Question 11

process of making of a complete copy of an entire length of DNA

Answer 11

Replication

Question 12

Important Fact

Answer 12

DNA is always read and made 5’3’

Question 13

causes the Double Helix to unwind.

Answer 13

Helicase

Question 14

keeps the two sides apart and stable.

Answer 14

Single-strand binding protein

Question 15

Anti-parallel

Answer 15

DNA information runs

in different directions

Question 16

This strand runs in a continuous 5’3’ direction as it opens. (It is leading the way in the
process.)

Answer 16

Leading strand

Question 17

This side of the replication fork has DNA not running in a 5’3’ direction. (Therefore it will always be lagging behind.)

Answer 17

Lagging Strand

Question 18

errors that are created

Answer 18

Mutations

Question 19

Fixes mutations if possible

Answer 19

Nucleotide Excision

Repair