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Medical Terminology > Unit 4 - Respiratory > Flashcards

Unit 4 - Respiratory Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

ox/o

A

oxygen

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2
Q

capn/o

A

carbon dioxide

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3
Q

pharynx - 3 divisions

A
  1. nasopharynx - adenoids
  2. oropharynx - tonsils
  3. larynopharynx - common pathway to larynx (voice box) & esophagus (to stomach)
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4
Q

lungs - pleura

A

parietal pleura - outer membrane

visceral pleura - inner membrane

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5
Q

purpose & location of alveolus

A
  • at the very end of the alveolar ducts
  • each one is lined w/one cell thick layer of epithelium
  • exchange of gas (O2 and CO2) occurs here
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6
Q

make plural:
apex
bronchus

A

apices

bronchi

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7
Q

phren/o

A

diaphragm

muscle separating chest and abdomen

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8
Q

adenoid/o

A

adenoids

adenoid/ectomy - removal of

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9
Q

hypercapnia

A

condition of too much CO2

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10
Q

orth/o

A

straight, upright

orthopnea - breathing is easier sitting upright

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11
Q

hypoxia

A

too little/decreased oxygen

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12
Q

pector/o

A

chest

ex/pector/a/tion - coughing up gunk from lungs

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13
Q

phon/o

A

voice

dysphonia - condition of bad/painful voice (hoarseness)

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14
Q

spir/o

A

breathing

spirometer - measures volume & rate of air passing into & out of lung

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15
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura

pleuritis - inflammation of pleura

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16
Q

-osmia

A

smell

anosmia - deficiency in smell

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17
Q

-ptysis

A

spitting

hemoptysis = spitting up blood (from bronchial tubes & lungs)

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18
Q

auscultation

A
  • listening to sounds w/in the body w/a stethoscope

- used to diagnose conditions of lungs, pleura, heart & abdomen

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19
Q

percussion

A

tapping on surface to determine difference in density of underlying structure

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20
Q

sputum

A

expelled from bronchi, lungs, or upper respiratory tracts

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21
Q

rales

A

aka crackles

sounds heard during inspiration when there is fluid, blood, or pus in alveoli

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22
Q

wheezing

A

sounds heard during breathing

asthma

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23
Q

ronchi

A

aka wheezing

loud, rumbling sounds when there is secretions in larger bronchial tubes

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24
Q

diptheria

A

infection of the throat characterized by leathery, opaque membrane forming on pharynx & respiratory tract

25
Q

epitaxis

A

nosebleed

26
Q

pertussis

A

caused by bacterial infection

27
Q

DPT

A

diphtheria pertussis tetanus

28
Q

COPD

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

- causes decrease in pulmonary inspiratory & expiratory capacity

29
Q

chronic bronchitis

A

COPD
inflammation of bronchi over a long period of time
smoking causes it

30
Q

emphysema

A
  • hyper inflammation of air sacs
  • destruction of alveolar space, usually accompanied by the loss of the natural elastic recoil of the lungs & weakening of the walls of bronchiolar airways.
    caused by smoking
31
Q

dyspnea

A

difficulty breathing / painful breathing

32
Q

MRI

A

magnetic resonance imaging

33
Q

PFT

A

pulmonary function tests - measure ventilation mechanics of the lungs

34
Q

endotracheal intubation

A

placing a tube thru mouth, pharynx and larynx into trachea to establish airway

35
Q

thoracentesis

A

surgical puncture to remove fluid from pleural space

36
Q

asbestosis

A

abnormal condition caused by asbestos (dust) in lungs

- causes inflammation, infection & bronchitis

37
Q

pneumoconiosis

A

coni/o- dust

abnormal condition of duct in lungs (mining, drywall)

38
Q

atelectasis

A

atel/o - incomplete
-ectasis - dilation
incomplete expansion of alveoli; collapse portion of lung

39
Q

large collection of pus in lungs

A

pulmonary abscess

40
Q

pulmonary edema

A

fluid in the air sacs & bronchioles

41
Q

moving clot to the lungs

A

pulmonary embolism

42
Q

bronchoscopy

A

fiberoptic endoscope exam of bronchial tubes

43
Q

thoracotomy

A

large surgical incision of chest

44
Q

tracheostomy

A

surgical creation of an opening into the trachea thru next

-stomy = surgical opening

45
Q

CXR

A

chest x-ray

46
Q

DOE

A

dyspnea on exertion

47
Q

FVC

A

forced vital capacity

48
Q

LLL

A

lower left lobe

49
Q

LUL

A

left upper lobe

50
Q

MDI

A

metered dose inhaler (asthma)

51
Q

PFT

A

pulmonary function test

52
Q

RLL

A

right lower lobe

53
Q

RUL

A

right upper lobe

54
Q

SOB

A

shortness of breath

55
Q

TB

A

tuberculosis

56
Q

URI

A

upper respiratory infection

57
Q

bronchogenic carcinoma

A

lung cancer

58
Q

ABG

A

arterial blood gases

Medical Terminology (21 decks)

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