Unit 2 - Skeletal

Question 1

ossification

Answer 1

bone formation - gradual replacement of cartilage; continues until fully grown

Question 2

osteoblasts

Answer 2

immature osteocytes

Question 3

osteoclasts

Answer 3

bone phagocytes; break down bone

- function is to reabsorb or digest

Question 4

parathyroid gland

Answer 4

• secretes hormone for maintaining calcium levels

- hormone allows calcium to leave bone & enter bloodstream

Question 5

thyroid gland

Answer 5

secretes hormone that allows calcium to leave the blood and head to bones

Question 6

calcium phosphate

Answer 6

substance that gives bone its characteristic hard quality

Question 7

Vitamin D

Answer 7

helps calcium pass thru the lining of small intestine & into blood stream

Question 8

epiphysis

Answer 8

each end of a long bone (beyond the epiphyseal line/growth plate)

Question 9

bone processes

Answer 9

enlarged tissue that normally extends out from bones to serve as attachments to muscles & tendons & ligaments

Question 10

acromion process

Answer 10

shoulder; lateral extension of scapula

Question 11

olecranon process

Answer 11

end of ulna (elbow)

Question 12

bone depressions

Answer 12

openings or hollow regions in a bone
Function: help to join one bone to another; serves as a passageway for blood vessels & nerves
Ex. foramen - opening for blood vessels & nerves
acetabulum - socket of hipbone; where femur sits

Question 13

lord/o

Answer 13

curve; swayback

Question 14

scoli/o

Answer 14

crooked; bent

Question 15

spondyl/o

Answer 15

vertebra (backbone)

Question 16

kyph/o

Answer 16

humpback

Question 17

Fracture

Answer 17

a sudden break of a bone

Question 18

colles

Answer 18

break near wrist @ distal end of radius

Question 19

comminuted

Answer 19

bone is splintered & crushed into several pieces

Question 20

compression

Answer 20

bone collapses or is compressed (vertebra)

Question 21

greenstick

Answer 21

bone is partially broken; breaks on one surface (Lauren!)

Question 22

impacted

Answer 22

one fragment is driven firmly into the other; usually at the head of femur or humerus

Question 23

closed fracture

Answer 23

bone broken, but no break in skin

Question 24

compound fracture

Answer 24

bone fragment protruded through the skin (at some point)

Question 25

pathological fracture

Answer 25

caused by disease of the bone

Question 26

oste/o/sarc/oma

Answer 26

tumor/mass of bone and fleshy tissue

Question 27

rickets

Answer 27

condition of softening of bones (bow legs); usually in children

Question 28

oste/o/malac/ia

Answer 28

condition of softening bones

Question 29

oste/o/porosis

Answer 29

condition of pores in bones

[decrease in bone density]

Question 30

oste/o/myel/itis

Answer 30

inflammation of bone & bone marrow