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Medical Terminology > Unit 3 - Eye > Flashcards

Unit 3 - Eye Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

cor/o

pupil/o

A

pupil

dark center of eye

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2
Q

corne/o

kerat/o

A 
cornea
fibrous, transparent layer of clear tissue that extends over the anterior of the eye & iris
- helps w/refraction of light
- avascular - no blood vessels
- cataracts appear here
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3
Q

phak/o

phac/o

A

lens of eye
flat for distant vision
thicken/round for close vision
- helps w/refraction of light

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4
Q

retin/o

A

retina
thin, nerve layer that contains rods & cones
- Rods = Reduced light
- Cones = Color and Central vision

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5
Q

conjunctiv/o

A

conjunctiva - thin lining membrane
coats anterior portion of eyeball
dust & smoke dilate blood vessels to produce redness

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6
Q

scler/o

A

sclera
white of the eye
CHOROID - dark brown membrane inside the sclera
- provides nutrients to the eye

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7
Q

ir/o

A

iris
colored portion of the eye
a muscle that surrounds the pupil of the eye

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8
Q

ocul/o
ophthalm/o
optic/o
opt/o

A

eye

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9
Q

what do iris & pupil do in: bright light?

A

iris closes
pupil constricts
miosis - contraction of pupil

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10
Q

what do iris & pupil do in: dim light?

A

iris opens
pupils dilate
mydriasis - enlargement of pupils

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11
Q

mi/o

A

smaller, less

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12
Q

mydr/o

A

widen, enlarge

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13
Q

cycl/o

A

ciliary body
muscle located next to lens
1. thickens & thins lens for refraction
2. secretes aqueous humor (AH) - found in anterior chamber

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14
Q

Function & purpose of Aqueous Humor

A
  • maintains the shape of anterior portion of the eye
  • nourishes structures in that region
  • aids in refraction of light
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15
Q 
vitre/o
vitreous humor (VH)
A
  • located inside vitreous chamber (posterior portion)
  • VH maintains shape of eyeball
  • NOT replenished by body
  • aids in refraction of light
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16
Q

optic disc

A

region in back of eye where optic nerve meets the retina. Blind spot

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17
Q

optic nerve fiber

A

cranial nerve carrying impulses from retina to brain (cerebral cortex)

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18
Q

optic chiasm

A

point at which optic nerve fibers cross in the brain

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19
Q

optic nerve tract

A

where impulses travel to brain

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20
Q

thalamus

A

relay center center of brain

optic nerve fibers pass thru here on way to cerebral cortex

21
Q

cerebral cortex

A

where images from R & L are fused into single visual sensation

22
Q

accommodation

A

normal adjustment of the eye for seeing objects at various distances

23
Q

astigmatism

A

defective curvature of the cornea or lens of the eye

image is distorted

24
Q

presby/opia

A

presby/o - old age
- opia - vision
impairment of vision as a result of old age
loss of elasticity

25
Q

hyperopia

A

farsightedness

light is hitting behind the disk

26
Q

myopia

A

nearsightedness
light hits in front of disk
corrected with biconcave lens

27
Q

ambly/o

A

dim, dull

amblyopia - dull vision; lazy eye

28
Q

dipl/o

A

double

diplopia - double vision

29
Q

nyct/o

A

night

nyctalopia - night blindness

30
Q

phot/o

A

light

photophobia - light sensitivity

31
Q

-opsia

A

vision condition

hemianopsia - reduced vision/blindness in 1/2 visual field

32
Q

blephar/o

A

eyelid

blepharoptosis - drooping of eyelid

33
Q

dacry/o

lacrim/o

A

tears

lacrimal ducts -

34
Q

kreatoplasty

A

surgical repair of cornea

35
Q

vitrectomy

A

surgery to remove some or all the vitreous humor from the eye

36
Q

IOP

A

intraoccular pressure

37
Q

OD

A

right eye

38
Q

OU

A

both eyes

39
Q

OS

A

left eye

40
Q

VF

A

visual field

41
Q

VH

A

vitreous humor

42
Q

AH

A

aqueous humor

43
Q

retinal detachment

A

retinas detach

repaired w/scleral buckle

44
Q

diabetic retinopathy

A

macular edema
microaneurysms
hemorrhaging & dilution of retinal veins

45
Q

opthalmoscope

A

used to examine or visualize the interior vessels of the eye

46
Q

cataracts

A

clouding of the lens
causes decreased vision
treated with lens replacement surgery

47
Q

LASER

A

Light Amplification by Stimulated Emissions of Radiation

- treatment for retinopathy

48
Q

strabismus

A

abnormal deviation of eye due to muscle weakness

49
Q

hordeolum

A

stye

Medical Terminology (21 decks)

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