``` cornea fibrous, transparent layer of clear tissue that extends over the anterior of the eye & iris - helps w/refraction of light - avascular - no blood vessels - cataracts appear here ```

Unit 3 - Eye Flashcards by Andrea Griswold

cor/o

pupil/o

pupil

dark center of eye

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corne/o

kerat/o

cornea
fibrous, transparent layer of clear tissue that extends over the anterior of the eye &amp; iris
- helps w/refraction of light
- avascular - no blood vessels
- cataracts appear here

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phak/o

phac/o

lens of eye
flat for distant vision
thicken/round for close vision
- helps w/refraction of light

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retin/o

retina
thin, nerve layer that contains rods & cones
- Rods = Reduced light
- Cones = Color and Central vision

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conjunctiv/o

conjunctiva - thin lining membrane
coats anterior portion of eyeball
dust & smoke dilate blood vessels to produce redness

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scler/o

sclera
white of the eye
CHOROID - dark brown membrane inside the sclera
- provides nutrients to the eye

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ir/o

iris
colored portion of the eye
a muscle that surrounds the pupil of the eye

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ocul/o
ophthalm/o
optic/o
opt/o

eye

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what do iris & pupil do in: bright light?

iris closes
pupil constricts
miosis - contraction of pupil

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what do iris & pupil do in: dim light?

iris opens
pupils dilate
mydriasis - enlargement of pupils

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mi/o

smaller, less

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mydr/o

widen, enlarge

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cycl/o

ciliary body
muscle located next to lens
1. thickens & thins lens for refraction
2. secretes aqueous humor (AH) - found in anterior chamber

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Function & purpose of Aqueous Humor

maintains the shape of anterior portion of the eye
nourishes structures in that region
aids in refraction of light

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vitre/o
vitreous humor (VH)

located inside vitreous chamber (posterior portion)
VH maintains shape of eyeball
NOT replenished by body
aids in refraction of light

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optic disc

region in back of eye where optic nerve meets the retina. Blind spot

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optic nerve fiber

cranial nerve carrying impulses from retina to brain (cerebral cortex)

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optic chiasm

point at which optic nerve fibers cross in the brain

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optic nerve tract

where impulses travel to brain

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thalamus

relay center center of brain

optic nerve fibers pass thru here on way to cerebral cortex

cerebral cortex

where images from R & L are fused into single visual sensation

accommodation

normal adjustment of the eye for seeing objects at various distances

astigmatism

defective curvature of the cornea or lens of the eye

image is distorted

presby/opia

presby/o - old age
- opia - vision
impairment of vision as a result of old age
loss of elasticity

hyperopia

farsightedness | light is hitting behind the disk

myopia

nearsightedness light hits in front of disk corrected with biconcave lens

ambly/o

dim, dull | amblyopia - dull vision; lazy eye

dipl/o

double | diplopia - double vision

nyct/o

night | nyctalopia - night blindness

phot/o

light | photophobia - light sensitivity

-opsia

vision condition | hemianopsia - reduced vision/blindness in 1/2 visual field

blephar/o

eyelid | blepharoptosis - drooping of eyelid

dacry/o | lacrim/o

tears | lacrimal ducts -

kreatoplasty

surgical repair of cornea

vitrectomy

surgery to remove some or all the vitreous humor from the eye

IOP

intraoccular pressure

right eye

both eyes

left eye

visual field

vitreous humor

aqueous humor

retinal detachment

retinas detach | repaired w/scleral buckle

diabetic retinopathy

macular edema microaneurysms hemorrhaging & dilution of retinal veins

opthalmoscope

used to examine or visualize the interior vessels of the eye

cataracts

clouding of the lens causes decreased vision treated with lens replacement surgery

LASER

Light Amplification by Stimulated Emissions of Radiation | - treatment for retinopathy

strabismus

abnormal deviation of eye due to muscle weakness

hordeolum

stye