- microscopic blood vessels - gas exchange

- bring blood TO the heart - valves are involved - usually carry Deoxygenated blood

- smooth layer of endothelial cells - lines interior of heart and valves

contraction of heart - R and L ventricles contract - pump blood into pulmonary and aortic arteries

Unit 4 - Cardiovascular System Flashcards by Andrea Griswold

my/o/card/ium

my/o - muscle
cardi/o - heart
-ium - tissue
= heart tissue

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angioplasty

surgical repair of vessel

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systemic circulation

blood flow from heart to tissues to heart

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pulmonary circulation

blood flow from heart to lungs to heart

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arteries

take blood AWAY from heart.

- usually oxygenated blood

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capillaries

microscopic blood vessels

- gas exchange

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veins

bring blood TO the heart
valves are involved
usually carry Deoxygenated blood

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coronary arteries

pulmonary

aortic

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interatrial septum

separates 2 upper chambers (atrium)

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interventricular septum

separates 2 lower chambers (ventricles)

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endocardium

smooth layer of endothelial cells

- lines interior of heart and valves

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myocardium

middle muscular layer of the heart wall; thickest part

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pericardium

fibrous, membranous sac that surrounds the heart

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SA node

sinoatrial node - pacemaker of heart

- sends electrical impulses that cause atria to contract

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AV node

atrioventricular node - cause ventricles to contract

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Bundle of His

runs down middle of heart; carries electrical signal

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right and left bundle branches

conduction fibers that branch off R and L

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Perkinje fibers

part of the cardiac conduction system

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systolic

contraction of heart

R and L ventricles contract
pump blood into pulmonary and aortic arteries

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diastolic

relaxation of heart

- blood flows into heart, filling ventricles

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sphygmomanometer

measures blood pressure

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arteri/o/scler/o/sis

stiffening of vessels

- collection of plaque in artery; causes plugging of artery

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cyan/o/sis

condition of blue

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phlebotomy

opening of vein

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stethoscope

instrument used to make a visual inspection of chest (but actually heard)

thrombus

thromb/o - clot -us - structure/thing clot

ischemia

isch/e - hold back -emia - blood condition decrease in blood flow

angina

chest pain

myocardial infarction

heart attack that is caused by decreased blood flow to heart

embolus

clot that travels & suddenly blocks a blood vessel

CHF

congestive heart failure

arrhythmias

abnormal heart rhythms - problem w/conduction or electrical system of heart

flutter

rapid, but regular contractions usually of atria 250-300 beats/min

fibrillation

rapid, inefficient, and irregular contractions uncoordinated 350 or more beats/min

hypertension

high blood pressure

hypotension

low blood pressure

coronary angioplasty

surgery to repair (widen blocked or narrowed) arteries w/balloon or stent

coronary bypass surgery

detour around blockages, using other arteries

pacemaker

small device placed in chest to prompt heart to beat at a normal rate

defibrillator

used on a stopped or slow heart | - uses electrical energy to make a heart beat

cardoversion

used on a heart that is too quick | - uses electrical energy or drugs to make a heart beat at a normal rate

Doppler Ultrasound

- instrument used to measure blood flow on a blood vessel | - can detect vascular occlusions (blockage)

flow of blood through heart - starting with vena cava

``` superior and inferior vena cava R atrium tricuspid valve R ventricle pulmonary semi-lunar valve pulmonary artery lungs pulmonary veins L atrium mitral (bicuspid) valve L ventricle aortic semi-lunar valve aorta tissues/veins/capillaries ```

echocardiography (ECHO)

- sound waves are transmitted into the chest - echoes returning from the valves, chambers & surfaces of heart are electronically plotted & recorded - shows structure & movement of heart

LDL

low density lipoprotein - "BAD"

HDL

high density lipoprotein "GOOD" | > 60 mg/dL

normal value for total cholesterol levels

atrial fibrillation

atrioventricular

blood pressure

CABG

coronary artery bypass grafting

CAD

coronary artery disease

Cath

catheterization

CHF

congestive heart failure

DVT

deep vein thrombosis

EKG

electrocardiogram

HDL

high density lipoprotein

LDL

low density lipoprotein

left ventricle

myocardial infarction

PAC

premature atrial contraction

PVC

premature ventricle contraction

sinoatrial node

VFib

ventricular fibrillation

ventricular tachycardia