Unit 4:Free energy and ATP Flashcards
what is energy
ability to do work
how does energy relate to the laws of thermodynamics and anabolic and catabolic
energy can’t be created or destroyed and no energy is 100% efficient
anabolic = build big things
catabolic= break down big things
1st and 2nd laws of thermodynamics are what
- energy is never created or destroyed
- entropy(chaos) of the universe is always increasing
* *no energy transfer is 100% efficient
catabolic process is
a catastrophe
breaking down
anabolic process is like
anabolic steroids building something up
what does ΔG mean
Free energy
energy available to do work
useful energy
what does H mean in Gibbs equation
enthalpy
total potential energy in the system
what does ΔS mean in Gibbs equation *3 points
entropy
chaos or disorder
heat lost during a reaction that can’t do work
ΔG >0 means 3 things
requires energy
endergonic-takes energy
non-spontaneous = must be forced to happen
ΔG <0 means 3 things
give off energy
exergonic- releases energy
spontaneous- naturally happens
ΔG = 0 means 1 thing
reaction is at equilibrium
how can you make a non-spontaneous reaction occur?
force a reaction ΔG >0 to happen
- change temp
- add reactants remove products
- couple endergonic with an exergonic reaction
chemical bonds contain what energy
potential energy
the energy we discuss is all about what bonds
chemical bonds
Enzymes don’t change
ΔG
