Unit 3: Cell organelles

Question 1

what is the endomembrane system

Answer 1

collection of organelles that are all related through direct contact or vesicular traffic

Question 2

what are the 7 organelles in endomembrane system

Answer 2

nucleus, RER, SER, Golgi, Lysosome, Plasma Membrane, Vacuole

Question 3

3 organelles that are separate from the rest

Answer 3

mitochondria, chloroplast, peroxisome

Question 4

difference between single and double membrane structure

Answer 4

single- is one lipid bilayer

double two single membranes with some sort of buffer between two so keep out things that are not suppose to be in

Question 5

nucleus have 2 functions and 3 structures

Answer 5

functions
1. store and protect DNA
2. Ribosome
structures
1. double membrane(nuclear envelope)
2. nuclear pore 
- monitor entrance
3. nucleolus 
- make ribosomes
-dark spot (high DNA amount)

Question 6

Ribosome 1 function and 1 structure

Answer 6

function - make protein (translation) 
structure - protein and RNA

Question 7

what is found in all life

Answer 7

ribosome

Question 8

Rough ER 2 functions and 2 structures

Answer 8

functions
1. make organelle and membrane proteins
2. attach oligosaccharides
structures
1. membrane network studded with ribosomes
2. membrane continuous with nucleus and smooth ER

Question 9

Smooth ER 3 functions and 2 structures

Answer 9

functions
1. makes phospholipids
2. store calcium 
3. detoxification
structures
1. tubular network
2. membrane continuous with nucleus and Rough ER

Question 10

Golgi 2 functions and 2 structures

Answer 10

functions
1. protein sorting, processing, packaging and shipping
2. make, modify and attach oligosaccharides
structure
1. multiple compartments connected by vesicles
2. cis= facing RER
trans= facing plasma membrane

Question 11

vesicle function 1 and structure 1

Answer 11

function - carry cargo around the cell
structure - single membrane sphere

Question 12

lysosome 1 function and 2 structures

Answer 12

function 
1. digestion of proteins, lipids  carbs, nucleic acids
structure
1. low pH 5
2. lysosomal hydrolase

Question 13

vacuole 2 function and 1 structure

Answer 13

function
1. storage chamber
2. plants: central vacuole
- store water to give cells support
structure 
1. single membrane sphere

Question 14

mitochondria 1 function and 3 structure

Answer 14

function
1. powerhouse --> ATP
structure 
1. double membrane 
2. the matrix
3. circular DNA

Question 15

peroxisome 3 functions and 1 structure

Answer 15

functions
1. detoxification
2. get rid of oxygen 
3. oxidize large fatty acids
structure
1. single membrane with crystalline core

Question 16

plants are missing what

Answer 16

lysosome

Question 17

plants have addition 3 parts

Answer 17

1. cell wall (rigid barrier)
2. chloroplast - energy (photosynthesis)
3. central vacuole (store water to give cells support)

Question 18

plasma membrane 1 function and 4 structures

Answer 18

1. barrier to protect the cell
structures
1. asymmetric
2. amphipathic
3. fluid
4. phospholipid bilayer

Question 19

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Answer 19

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