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World History - - Meltebrink > Unit 3 TEST - - India > Flashcards

Unit 3 TEST - - India Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the term for a pass providing access to India through the Hindu Kush Mountains?

A

Khyber Pass

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2
Q

What is the term for the consequences for the behavior of an individual?

A

Karma

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3
Q

What is the title which means - - “Enlightened One”?

A

Buddha

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4
Q

What is the term for an escape from self, suffering and reincarnation in Buddhism?

A

Nirvana

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5
Q

What is the name of the two largest cities in the Harappan civilization ?

A

Harappa and Mohenjodaro

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6
Q

What are the elements of the Eightfold Path in Buddhism?

A 
Right knowledge
Right Intentions
Right Speech
Action
Living
Effort
Mindfulness 
Meditation
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7
Q

What river served as the center of the Harappan civilization?

A

Indus River

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8
Q

Why did the Harappan civilization decline around 1700 BC?

A

Indus River gradually changed it course

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9
Q

What was the official title of a king who ruled an Aryan city-state?

A

Raja

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10
Q

What ceremonial language was used by the Aryans?

A

Sanskrit

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11
Q

What is Hindusim’s one true being which is manifested in many gods and living things?

A

Brahman

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12
Q

What is the term for religious myths written in Sankrit by the Aryans?

A

Vedas

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13
Q

What is the term for the duty performed by an individual in Hinduism?

A

Dharma

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14
Q

What is the self or soul of an individual in Hinduism?

A

Atman

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15
Q

What group enjoyed the highest level of respect in the caste system?

A

Brahmins

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16
Q

What group was excluded from the caste system?

A

Pariahs

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17
Q

What River is sacred in Hinduism?

A

Ganges River

18
Q

Who became known as the Buddha by meditating under a tree to find enlightenment?

A

Siddhartha Gautama

19
Q

Who is the most important Buddhist leader in Tibet?

A

Dalai Lama

20
Q

Where is Zen Buddhism popular?

A

Japan

21
Q

What empire United the small kingdoms in northern India for the first time?

A

Mauryan Empire

22
Q

Are the Himalayas the highest mountain range in the world?

A

YES

23
Q

Are Clay trade seals the only remnants of Harappan writing?

A

YES

24
Q

Did the Aryans frequently offer human sacrifices to their gods?

A

NO

25
Q

Are the Upanishads written interpretations of the Vedas?

A

YES

26
Q

Do the Hindus believe that moksha cannot be achieved in one lifetime?

A

YES

27
Q

Did Alexander the Great caused the collapse of the Gupta Empire?

A

NO

28
Q

Did Asoka pardon many criminals?

A

YES

29
Q

Did Asoka turn away from warfare when he converted to Buddhism?

A

YES

30
Q

Did Chandragupta become the first Indian emperor by conquering rival kingdoms?

A

YES

31
Q

Is the central symbol of Buddhism a wheel?

A

YES

32
Q

Is Buddhism the most popular religion in India?

A

NO

33
Q

Did YOGA first develop as a discipline in Hinduism?

A

YES

34
Q

Do Buddhist recognize the Hindu caste system?

A

NO - - they do not believe in a caste system

35
Q

What is reincarnation? How is it affected by dharma and karma?

A

Reincarnation is the REBIRTH of a should in another form

If someone fulfills his duty (dharma) he will receive good karma (consequences) and he will be reincarnated in a higher caste

36
Q

Who were the Aryans? And how did the affect the development of India?

A

Nomads who entered northern India through the Khyber Pass

Vedas (religious myths) led to the development of Hinduism

37
Q

What are the four Noble Truths of Buddhism?

A
  1. Life involves suffering and sorrow
  2. Suffering is caused by the pursuit of pleasure
  3. Forsaking desire frees people from suffering
  4. Eightfold path leads to nirvana
38
Q

What were the Edicts of Asoka? Why were they significant?

A

Stone pillars displayed laws and spiritual reflections

Stone pillars provided evidence of Asoka’s beliefs and practices

39
Q

What was the Gupta Empire?

A

Gupta Empire was a weak empire that attempted to recreate the Mauryan Empire

Empire collapsed Huns invaded India

40
Q

Be able to describe the Harappan civilization - Discuss the importance of agriculture and trade - why are the cities built by this civilization so impressive - why did the Harappan civilization disappear?

A
  • Indus and Saraswati Rivers flooded twice every year (creating fertile land)
  • Surpluses of wheat and barley allowed for traded with Mesopotamia
  • Merchants’ personal seals are the only remnants of Harappan writing
  • Harappa and Mohenjodaro were the two largest cities
  • Strong bricks hardened in kilns - wide city streets in grid patterns - citadels, public bath, and sewers indicated a strong central government
41
Q

Be able to discuss the development of Buddhism - how is this religion both similar and different from Hinduism - how do Buddhists view the world - which regions and groups of people have embraced Buddhism?

A
  • Siddhartha Gautama found enlightenment while meditation under a tree (Buddha)
  • Buddhism and Hinduism both believe in reincarnation and a peaceful escape from the physical world
  • Buddhism does not recognize Hindu gods or the caste system
  • Four Noble Truths emphasize the painful natures of like and the pursuit of nirvana
  • Buddhism became popular Amon women and the poor in eastern India, China, Ceylon and Japan
42
Q

What is the term for wind patterns that bring heavy rainfall to India during the summer?

A

Monsoons

World History - - Meltebrink (20 decks)

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