Unit 1 - - TEST (Human Origins And Fertile Crescent) Flashcards
What is the study of interactions between people and their environment?
Geography
What term refers to weather patterns over an extended period of time?
Climate
What is the term for the first upright beings to develop about 3 million years ago?
Hominids
What is the term for people who travel in search of food and resources?
Nomads
What is the term for “land between the rivers” in Greek?
Mesopotamia
What is the term for systems that use canals and dams to bring water from rivers to the fields?
Irrigation
What is the term for the system of writing that used wedge-shaped symbols?
Cuneiform
What is the term for those that lived at the bottom of Mesopotamian society?
Slaves
What is the term for the belief in ONLY ONE God?
Monotheism
What are the three major rivers within the Fertile Crescent?
Tigris - Euphrates - Jordan
What are the name of two city-states that developed in Sumer?
Ur, Uruk, Babylon, Kish, Eridu, Nippur, Umma
Where were the first evidence of human activity found?
Great Rift Valley
What does the term “prehistoric” mean?
The period before the development of writing
What was the oust common subject of cave paintings during the Ice Age?
Animals
What development defined the Neolithic Revolution?
Agriculture
Which of the following was the largest settlement during the Neolithic Revolution?
Catalhuyuk
What did the Sumerian kings build to honor their gods?
Ziggurats
What innovation was developed in Sumer?
Wheel
What kind of language did the Akkadians spread all across their empire?
Semitic
What scientific field was pioneered by the Chaldeans in Babylon?
Astronomy
What did the Assyrians use to increase their power and territory?
Iron weapons, fear, battering rams
Which city served as the final Assyrian capital and home to a great library?
Nineveh
Who is considered to be the founding father of the Hebrews?
Abraham
Where did the Hebrews establish the Kingdom of Israel?
Canaan
What king built the first Emile in Jerusalem to honor Yahweh?
Solomon
What civilization was the first to develop an alphabet?
Phoenicia
Do most people live near oceans, rivers and lakes?
YES
Is a primary source a firsthand account?
YES
Does A.D. Stand for “after death”?
NO
Is a millennium a set of 100 years?
NO
Was a hierarchy first developed during the Stone Age?
YES
Did the first humans reach North America by sailing across the Pacific Ocean?
NO
Is disease a risk associated with agriculture?
YES
Did priest control the irrigation system in each Sumerian city-state?
NO
Is bronze stronger than copper?
YES
Was King David the first king to unite the Hebrews against the Philistines?
NO
Why is Nebuchadnezzar considered to be the greatest Chaldean King?
He transformed Babylon into a great city and expanded the Neo-Babylonian empire.
Why did Cro-Magnons outlast Neanderthals?
Cro-Magnons hand longer lives and better language skills
What were the causes and effects of the Jewish Diaspora?
The dispersal of Hebrews from Canaan caused Assyrian deportations and Babylonian exile
Hebrews wrote the Hebrew Bible in order to preserve their religion
Which two Phoenician city-states were the largest?
Tyre and Byblos
Which two Phoenician trade goods became the most popular around the Mediterranean?
Purple dye
Lumber from cedar trees
Discuss the Neolithic Revolution - - Describe the developments during this period as well as the new rewards and risks that people faced. - - Explain why this period was significant in human history?
Transition from hunting and gathering to agriculture - - nomads established mor permanent settlements - risks of crop failure and disease - agriculture developed because of population growth - - surplus allowed for societies to become more complex (trading, selling)
Discuss the Law Code of Hammurabi - how and why was it created - what were its most important aspects - what does it tell us about the Babylonians - explain why this law code is significant?
Growing Babylonian economy required an organized legal system for crimes and commercial disputes - - Hammurabi ordered laws and punishments to be recorded - three classes of citizens were establish (free people, commoners, and slaves) - - eye for an yes punishments for equals - - influence can be seen in Hebrew laws.
What is the study of society’s interaction with the past?
History
