Roman Empire Flashcards
How would you describe the economic crisis within the Roman Empire during the 3rd century? What caused this crisis? Why did it continue to get worse? How did this economic crisis affect the empire?
~Military became more expensive (long frontiers)
~Defensive campaigns brought no new revenue/plunder into the empire
~Coins were made with less silver (inflation, rising prices)
~Civil wars destroyed homes and crops (famine)
~Diocletian divided the empire to make it more manageable
~Barbarians eventually overran the western empire
Be able to describe the economic crisis within the Roman Empire during the third century - what caused the crisis - why did it continue to get worse - how did this economic crisis affect the empire?
- Military became more expensive
- Defensive campaigns brought no new revenue/plunder into the empire
- Germans were recruited as mercenaries
- Coins were made with less silver
- Civil wars destroyed homes and crops
- Diocletian divided the empire to make it more manageable
- Barbarians eventually overran the western empire
Who was the one who sacked the city of Rome?
Alaric and the Visigoths
Which city did Diocletian choose as his capital in the Easterm Empire?
Nicomedia
What emperor made the Roman Empire its largest size?
Trajan
What 2 things did Augustus do to simplify trade within the empire?
~Elimination of taxes on transportation of goods
~Uniform currency
In the process of syllogism - - are various religions combined to form unique cults?
NO
Did Septimius Severus value the Roman Military above all else?
YES
What was the philosophy Marcus Aurelius discussed in his book called Meditations?
Stoicism
What is the name of the “Five Good Emperors”?
Trajan Nerva Hadrian Antoninus Pius Marcus Aurelius
Is Romulus Augustulus considered to be the last Roman emperor?
Yes
Why did the Romans build a network of roads throughout their empire?
Collection of taxes
Defense of the frontiers and suppression of rebellions
Who became the empower by winning a civil war that ended the Year of the Four Emperors?
Vespasian
What region was invaded by Claudius?
Britannia
How did the Battle of the Milvian Bridge affect Constantine and Christians?
Constantine eliminated his most dangerous rivals
Vision persuaded Constantine to legalize Christianity
Who persuaded Attila the Hun to spare Rome from destruction?
The Pope
Is Romulus Augustulus considered to be the last Roman emperor?
YES
Who was assassinated by a group of senators after he declared himself dictator for life?
Julius Caesar
What was the mountain fortress where Jewish rebels refused to surrender?
Masada
How did Paul a Tarsus spread Christianity? What was he successful?
Churches established throughout the eastern Mediterranean
Preached to the Jews and Gentiles
Who was the one who persuaded Attila the Hun to spare Rome from destruction?
Pope
Did the Edict of Milan give religious freedom to everyone in the Roman Empire?
Yes
Did concrete enable the Romans to build larger and more durable structures?
YES
How did Paul of Tarsus spread Christianity? Why was he successful?
~Churches established throughout the eastern Mediterranean (Roman Citizen)
~preached to Jews and Gentiles
Who became emperor by winning a civil war to end the Year of the Four Emperors?
Vespasian
Who declared Christianity the official religion of the empire?
Theodosius
What structure served as a temple to all of the gods in the Roman Civil Religion?
Pantheon
What is the term for witnesses who choose death rather than renounce their faith?
Martyrs
Who was the one originally named Octavian?
Augustus
What city did Diocletian choose for his capital in the Easter Emprire?
Nick media
Which emperor ended the era of Roman expansion and focused on defense instead?
Hadrian
What is the term for Jewish rebels who tried to over throw their Roman rulers?
Zealots
Did Diocletian divide the Roman Empire into a tetrarchy?
YES
Why did the Romans build a network of roads through the empire?
~Collection of taxes
~Defense of the frontiers and suppression of rebellions
Which emperor brought the Roman Empire to its largest size?
Trajan
Did Augustus sponsor patriotic writers who glorified Rome?
YES
Who killed Claudius in 54 AD?
Agrippina
We’re all Catholic masses conducted in Latin?
YES
Was St. Peter beheaded because the Roman citizens could not be crucified?
No
Did Romance languages develop from Latin?
Yes
Be able to discuss the reign of Augustus - how did he become the first Roman emperor - what were his greatest accomplishments - why is he considered one of the greatest Roman emperors?
victory in civil war against Mark Antony Territorial expansion Uniform coinage Eliminated taxes on transportation of goods Extended network of durable roads, aqueducts, concrete, pantheon Romanization Civil service Patriotic writers glorified Rome
What is the term for channels and pipes that brought water int Roman Citites?
Aqueducts
Which structure served as a temple for all the gods in the Roman Civil Religion?
Pantheon
Was Ovid exiled for insulting Claudius and his wife?
No
Did Theodosius select Christianity as the official religion of the Roman Empire?
YES
Was the Colosseum completed during the reign of Claudius?
No
Was the Colosseum completed during the reign of Claudius?
NO
How did the Battle of the Milvian Bridge affect Constantine and Christians?
~Constantine eliminated his most dangerous rival
~Vision persuaded Constantine to legalize Christianity
Was St. Peter beheaded because Roman citizens could not be crucified?
NO
Did the Romans destroy the Jewish Temple during the Great Jewish Revolt?
YES
Did Augustus sponsor the patriotic writers who glorified Rome?
Yes
Was Marcus Aurelius the first emperor from a province outside of Italy?
No
What is the period of time that was of relative peace and stability from 27 BC to 180 AD?
Pax Romana
Did concrete enable the Romans to build larger more durable structures?
Yes
Did the Edict of Milan give religious freedom to everyone in the Roman Empire?
YES
How would you discuss the reign of Augustus? How did he become the first Roman emperor? What were his greatest accomplishments? Why is he considered one of the greatest Roman emperors?
~Victory in civil war agains Mark Antony
~Territorial expansion/Romanization
~Uniform coinage; eliminated taxes on transportation of goods
~Extended network of durable roads; aqueducts; concrete; Pantheon
~Civil service
~Patriotic writers glorified Rome
Which philosophy did Marcus Aurelius discuss in his book called Meditations?
Stoicism
Who deposed and exiled the final Roman emperor ?
Odoacer
Did various religions combine to form unique cults in a process known as syllogism?
No
Was Caligula the first Roman emperor to be assassinated?
YES
Who was the ‘Historical’ Jesus? What is known about him?
~Born c. 4 B.C.
~Traveling preacher
~Crucified by Roman authorities (threat to status quo)
Where could 50,000 spectators watch the gladiator fights and other gruesome events?
Colosseum
Where could 50,000 spectators watch gladiators fight and other gruesome events?
Colosseum
Did the Romans destroy the Jewish Temple during the Great Jewish Revolt?
Yes
Who persecuted Christians, killed his mother and later committed suicide?
Nero
Who sacked the city of Rome?
Alaric and the Visigoths
Why did the Council of Nicaea convene in 325? How did it affect Christians?
~Address Heresies
~Unify Christians in the early church
~Nicene Creed
Who was the one who most likely killed Claudius in 54 A.D.
A gripping
Which one of the emperors ended the era of Roman expansion and focused on defense?
Hadrian
Why did the Council of Nicaea convene in 325? How did this council affects Christians?
it addressed the issue of heresies
It unified Christians in the early Church
Nicene Creed
Was Caligula the first Roman emperor to be assassinated?
Yes
Was Marcus Aurelius the first emperor from a province outside Italy?
NO
Who was the “Hisotrical” Jesus? What is known about him?
Was born around 4 BC
Was a traveling preacher
Was crucified by Roman authorities
What events happened during the Great Jewish Revolt?
~Jewish Temple was Destroyed
~Romans took plunder back to Rome
~Titus commanded Roman soldiers
Which region was invaded by Claudus?
Britannia
What is the title that means - - “first citizen”?
Princeps
What two things did Augustus do in order to simplify trade within the empire?
- Elimination of taxes on transportation of goods
2. Uniform currency
Did Diocletian divide the Roman Empire into a tetrarchy?
Yes
Was the Hippodrome built in Constantinople?
Yes
