Renaissance and Reformation Flashcards
What held religious authority according to Martin Luther?
The Bible
Who painted the ceiling and back wall of the Sistine Chapel?
Michelangelo
What city became a center of banking and clothing in northern Italy?
Florence
What is the term for men who were loyal to Parliament during the English Civil War?
Roundheads
What is the term for royalists who supported the king during the
English Civil war?
Cavaliers
What is the term for a government that is led by religious clergy?
Theocracy
What is the term for pardons that were sold so that people could avoid suffering in Purgatory?
Indulgences
What is a Spanish term for “conqueror?”
Conquistador
What is a term that means “rebirth?”
Renaissance
Which dynasty controlled Spain, the Netherlands and the Holy Roman Empire?
Habsburgs
What fortified city was captured by Cardinal Richelieu?
La Rochelle
What did the Jesuits emphasize during the Counter-Reformation?
Missionaries traveling around the world
Education
Obedience to the pope
What pope approved the Society of Jesus in 1540?
Paul III
Why id King Henry VIII want to divorce Catherine of Aragon?
She had not given birth to a healthy son
What title did King Henry VIII receive from the Pope?
Defender of the Faith
Who led a brutal campaign to kill rebels and take land in Ireland?
Oliver Cromwell
What professional army fought for Parliament during the English Civil War?
New Model Army
What ended the Thirty Years’ War?
Peace of Westphalia
What country fought against the Holy Roman Empire during the Thirty Years’ War?
Sweden
Who conquered Denmark during the Thirty Years’ War?
Albrecht von Wallenstein
Where did Protestants rebel against Emperor Ferdinand II to start the Thirty Years’ War?
Bohemia
Who helped kings to rule English after the Stuart Dynasty?
Prime Minister
What country united with England to form Great Britain in 1707?
Scotland
Who invaded England and replaced King James II with the help of Parliament?
William of Orange
Where were Irish rebe4ls, priests, and civilians massacred by English troops?
Drogheda
Who was tried and beheaded for treason?
King Charles I
Anne Boelyn
Thomas More
Who was Leonardo da Vinci? Why is he considered to be a true Renaissance Man?
Famous artist - architect and scientist
Notebooks contained idea for inventions
Who developed the printing press? Why did it become such a significant invention?
Johannes Gutenberg
Literature could be copied quickly, allowing ideas to spread quickly
Who wrote the 95 Theses? Why did he publish them?
Martin Luther
Challenge the sale of indulgences
Were the Huguenots Calvinists who lived in England?
No
In 1492, did most of the European rulers believe the Earth was flat?
No
Did John Locke believe in a social contract that protected the people’s rights?
Yes
Did the Diet of Worms declare Martin Luther an outlaw?
Yes
When King James II was executed for treason, did the Glorious Revolution end?
No
Did a Renaissance Man have a wide range of skills and knowledge?
Yes
The Church of England led by the king was established by the Edict of Nantes.
No
The “Virgin Queen” was Mary Queen of Scots.
No
Did Johann Tetzel raise money by selling indulgences in Germany?
Yes
Leviathan was written by Thomas Hobbes.
Yes
Did Martin Luther believe that salvation could be achieved by faith alone?
Yes
The Lord and Protector of England was Oliver Cromwell.
Yes
The belief that people are selected before birth for salvation is known as predestination.
Yes
On St. Patrick’sDay, thousands of Huguenots were killed by Catholics.
No
Did they kill Jane Seymour because she failed to have a son?
No
Explain why the 30 year war was so deadly. How did that affect Europe?
Armies around Europe ravaged Germany for 30 years. The national interests replaced religion in the international politics.
Who was Thomas Moore? What were his affects on European history?
He was the Lord Chnacellor who was beheaded for opposing King Henry VIII. He affected history in Europe by writing Utopia about an ideal society with equality,
Why did the spanish armada said toward Europe? What happened?
King Phillip II wanted Queen Elizabeth removed from the throne but half the ships were lost due to severe weather.
How did Cardinal Richelieu gain power in France? Who was his challenger?
Young Kind Louis XIII needed help the challengers were Huguenots, nobles, and Spain.
What was the Columbian Exchange? How did the interaction between Europe and the New World affect people’s lives on either side of the Atlantic Ocean? What were the experiences of the Europeans, Africans, and Native Americans?
Flow of goods connected Europe to America. America was introduced to horses, grain, sugar, and coffee. Europe was introduced to corn, potatoes, tomatoes, and tobacco. Europeans were the dominant population while natives and Africans worked as slaves. Diseases killed about 90% of the native population.
