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World History - - Meltebrink > Protestant Reformation > Flashcards

Protestant Reformation Flashcards

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1
Q

Where id Protestants rebel against Emperor Ferdinand II to start the Thirty Years’ War?

A

Bohemia

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2
Q

What title did King Henry VIII receive from the pope?

A

Defender of the Faith

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3
Q

What did the Jesuits emphasize during the Counter-Reformation?

A

Education
Top-down conversion around the world
Obedience to the pope

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4
Q

What city was the original home of King George I?

A

Hanover

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5
Q

Why was the Thirty Years’ War so deadly? How did it affect Europe?

A

Various countries fought with mercenaries in Germany
Combat and disease killed 1/3 of the German population
Religious wars between countries became rare

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6
Q

What ended the Thirty Years’ War?

A

Peace of Westphalia

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7
Q

What dynasty controlled Spain, the Netherlands, and the Holy Roman Empire?

A

Habsburgs

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8
Q

Who invaded England and replaced King James II with the help of parliament?

A

William of Orange

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9
Q

Does Via Media mean the “Middle Way”?

A

YES

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10
Q

Were the Huguenots Calvinists living in England?

A

NO

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11
Q

Did King Henry IV try to unite France by converting to Catholicism?

A

YES

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12
Q

Were thousands of Huguenots killed by Catholics on St. Patrick’s Day?

A

NO

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13
Q

Did Mary Queen of Scots become known as the “Virgin Queen”?

A

NO

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14
Q

Were Politiques French moderates in favor of peace?

A

YES

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15
Q

Was Oliver Cromwell called the Lord Protector of England?

A

YES

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16
Q

Why was King Henry IV such a great ruler in France? What happened to him?

A

Conversion of Catholicism and Edit of Nantes which brought religious unity
Brought a stronger monarchy
He was assassinated by a Catholic fanatic

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17
Q

Who led troops against the Holy Roman Empire during the Thirty Years’ War?

A

Gustavus Adolphus

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18
Q

What is the term for royalists who supported the king during the English Civil War?

A

Cavaliers

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19
Q

What professional army fought for Parliament during the English Civil War?

A

New Model Army

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20
Q

Is predestination the belief that people are selected for salvation before Jesus?

A

YES

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21
Q

What Spanish military officer formed the Society of Jesus?

A

Ignatius of Lovola

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22
Q

Be able to discus the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. How did she become queen? What were her greatest military and domestic accomplishments? Why is she considered to be one of the greatest monarchs in English history?

A

Death of Bloody Mary - her half sister
Via Media (Middle Way) to end religious violence and unite England
Execution of Mary Queen of Scots
Virgin Queen used her single status as a diplomatic advantage
Victory over Philip II and the Spanish Armada

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23
Q

Who led a brutal campaign to kill rebels and take land in Ireland?

A

Oliver Cromwell

24
Q

How did Cardinal Richelieu gain power in France? Whom did he challenge?

A

Chief minister for King Louis XIII

Huguenots, nobles, Spain

25
Q

Did Martin Luther believe that salvation could be achieved by faith alone?

A

YES

26
Q

Did the Edict of Nantes establish the Church of England with would be led by the king?

A

NO

27
Q

What fortified city was captured by Cardinal Richelies?

A

La Rochelle

28
Q

What pope approved the Society of Jesus in 1540?

A

Pope Paul III

29
Q

Why did the Spanish Armada sail toward England? What happened to the Armada?

A

Spanish King Philip II wanted to remove English Queen Elizabeth from the throne
Flaming ships and storms destroyed half of the fleet

30
Q

Did King James I justify his power with the Divine Right of Kings?

A

YES

31
Q

What dynasty was established by King Henry IV in France?

A

Bourbon

32
Q

Did King Henry IV rule during the Bourbon Dynasty in France?

A

YES

33
Q

Did the Whigs oppose Catholic monarchy in England?

A

YES

34
Q

What is the term for a government led by religious clergy?

A

Theocracy

35
Q

What is the term for men loyal to Parliament during the English Civil War?

A

Roundheads

36
Q

What country fought against the Holy Roman Empire during the Thirty Years’ War?

A

Sweden

37
Q

Who was called “Defender of the Faith” because he opposed Martin Luther?

A

Henry VIII

38
Q

What king was tried and beheaded for treason during the English Civil War?

A

Charles I

39
Q

Who wrote the 95 Theses: Why did he publish them?

A

Martin Luther

Criticism of Indulgences begin sold

40
Q

What occurred during the reign of Queen Anne?

A

War for the Spanish Succession
Deaths of all living heirs
Act of Union

41
Q

Why did King Henry VIII want to divorce Catherine of Aragon?

A

She did not give birth to a healthy boy

42
Q

Who conquered Denmark during the Thirty Years’ War?

A

Albrecht van Wallenstein

43
Q

Was Thomas More imprisoned and beheaded for treason?

A

YES

44
Q

Compare and contrast the political philosophies developed by Thomas Hobbes and John Locke - How did events like the English Civil War and the Glorious Revolution affect their political beliefs? How did the ideas of John Locke influence the development of Western politics?

A

Both believed that government serves an important purpose
Thomas Hobbes supported strong governments
Absolute power prevents anarchy
John Locke supported individual freedom
Social Contract requires governments to protect life, liberty, and property
Locke’s ideas influenced the American and French Revolutions

45
Q

What forced officials to swear loyalty to the Church of England?

A

Test Act

46
Q

What held religious authority according to Martin Luther?

A

Bible

47
Q

Was Jane Seymour executed because she failed to give birth to a male heir?

A

NO

48
Q

Where were Irish rebels, priests and civilians massacred by English troops?

A

Drogheda

49
Q

Who help King George I to rule England?

A

Prime Minister

50
Q

Did the Diet of Worms declare Martin Luther an outlaw?

A

YES

51
Q

What is the term for when pardons are sold so that people could avoid suffering in Purgatory?

A

Indulgences

52
Q

How did John Calvin become a famous Protestant? What did he believe about salvation?

A

Author of Institute of the Christian Religion
Theocracy was establish in Geneva
Predestination - - The elect are selected for salvation BEFORE birth

53
Q

What country united with England to form Great Britain in 1707?

A

Scotland

54
Q

Did Johann Tetzel raise money by selling indulgences in Germany?

A

YES

55
Q

Did the Glorious Revolution end when King James II was executed for treason?

A

NO

56
Q

Who was tried and beheaded for treason?

A

Thomas More
King Charles I
Anne Boleyn

World History - - Meltebrink (20 decks)

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