Protestant Reformation Flashcards
Where id Protestants rebel against Emperor Ferdinand II to start the Thirty Years’ War?
Bohemia
What title did King Henry VIII receive from the pope?
Defender of the Faith
What did the Jesuits emphasize during the Counter-Reformation?
Education
Top-down conversion around the world
Obedience to the pope
What city was the original home of King George I?
Hanover
Why was the Thirty Years’ War so deadly? How did it affect Europe?
Various countries fought with mercenaries in Germany
Combat and disease killed 1/3 of the German population
Religious wars between countries became rare
What ended the Thirty Years’ War?
Peace of Westphalia
What dynasty controlled Spain, the Netherlands, and the Holy Roman Empire?
Habsburgs
Who invaded England and replaced King James II with the help of parliament?
William of Orange
Does Via Media mean the “Middle Way”?
YES
Were the Huguenots Calvinists living in England?
NO
Did King Henry IV try to unite France by converting to Catholicism?
YES
Were thousands of Huguenots killed by Catholics on St. Patrick’s Day?
NO
Did Mary Queen of Scots become known as the “Virgin Queen”?
NO
Were Politiques French moderates in favor of peace?
YES
Was Oliver Cromwell called the Lord Protector of England?
YES
Why was King Henry IV such a great ruler in France? What happened to him?
Conversion of Catholicism and Edit of Nantes which brought religious unity
Brought a stronger monarchy
He was assassinated by a Catholic fanatic
Who led troops against the Holy Roman Empire during the Thirty Years’ War?
Gustavus Adolphus
What is the term for royalists who supported the king during the English Civil War?
Cavaliers
What professional army fought for Parliament during the English Civil War?
New Model Army
Is predestination the belief that people are selected for salvation before Jesus?
YES
What Spanish military officer formed the Society of Jesus?
Ignatius of Lovola
Be able to discus the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. How did she become queen? What were her greatest military and domestic accomplishments? Why is she considered to be one of the greatest monarchs in English history?
Death of Bloody Mary - her half sister
Via Media (Middle Way) to end religious violence and unite England
Execution of Mary Queen of Scots
Virgin Queen used her single status as a diplomatic advantage
Victory over Philip II and the Spanish Armada
Who led a brutal campaign to kill rebels and take land in Ireland?
Oliver Cromwell
How did Cardinal Richelieu gain power in France? Whom did he challenge?
Chief minister for King Louis XIII
Huguenots, nobles, Spain
Did Martin Luther believe that salvation could be achieved by faith alone?
YES
Did the Edict of Nantes establish the Church of England with would be led by the king?
NO
What fortified city was captured by Cardinal Richelies?
La Rochelle
What pope approved the Society of Jesus in 1540?
Pope Paul III
Why did the Spanish Armada sail toward England? What happened to the Armada?
Spanish King Philip II wanted to remove English Queen Elizabeth from the throne
Flaming ships and storms destroyed half of the fleet
Did King James I justify his power with the Divine Right of Kings?
YES
What dynasty was established by King Henry IV in France?
Bourbon
Did King Henry IV rule during the Bourbon Dynasty in France?
YES
Did the Whigs oppose Catholic monarchy in England?
YES
What is the term for a government led by religious clergy?
Theocracy
What is the term for men loyal to Parliament during the English Civil War?
Roundheads
What country fought against the Holy Roman Empire during the Thirty Years’ War?
Sweden
Who was called “Defender of the Faith” because he opposed Martin Luther?
Henry VIII
What king was tried and beheaded for treason during the English Civil War?
Charles I
Who wrote the 95 Theses: Why did he publish them?
Martin Luther
Criticism of Indulgences begin sold
What occurred during the reign of Queen Anne?
War for the Spanish Succession
Deaths of all living heirs
Act of Union
Why did King Henry VIII want to divorce Catherine of Aragon?
She did not give birth to a healthy boy
Who conquered Denmark during the Thirty Years’ War?
Albrecht van Wallenstein
Was Thomas More imprisoned and beheaded for treason?
YES
Compare and contrast the political philosophies developed by Thomas Hobbes and John Locke - How did events like the English Civil War and the Glorious Revolution affect their political beliefs? How did the ideas of John Locke influence the development of Western politics?
Both believed that government serves an important purpose
Thomas Hobbes supported strong governments
Absolute power prevents anarchy
John Locke supported individual freedom
Social Contract requires governments to protect life, liberty, and property
Locke’s ideas influenced the American and French Revolutions
What forced officials to swear loyalty to the Church of England?
Test Act
What held religious authority according to Martin Luther?
Bible
Was Jane Seymour executed because she failed to give birth to a male heir?
NO
Where were Irish rebels, priests and civilians massacred by English troops?
Drogheda
Who help King George I to rule England?
Prime Minister
Did the Diet of Worms declare Martin Luther an outlaw?
YES
What is the term for when pardons are sold so that people could avoid suffering in Purgatory?
Indulgences
How did John Calvin become a famous Protestant? What did he believe about salvation?
Author of Institute of the Christian Religion
Theocracy was establish in Geneva
Predestination - - The elect are selected for salvation BEFORE birth
What country united with England to form Great Britain in 1707?
Scotland
Did Johann Tetzel raise money by selling indulgences in Germany?
YES
Did the Glorious Revolution end when King James II was executed for treason?
NO
Who was tried and beheaded for treason?
Thomas More
King Charles I
Anne Boleyn
