Greece And Roman Republic Flashcards
What is the term for the Roman government in which male citizens elect representative?
Republic
What is the title which means exalted one?
Augustus
What is the Roman army unit with approximately 4800 men?
Legion
What was a victory parade held in honor of a victorious Roman commander?
Triumph
What is the name of three famous Greek philosophers?
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle
Who are the three men who ruled Rome in the First Triumvirate?
Julius Caesar
Pompey
Crassus
Who are the three men who ruled Rome in the second Triumvirate?
Octavian
Mark Antony
Lepidus
Who establish the Persian Empire by defeating the Medes?
Cyrus the Great
Who led an invasion of Greece?
Darius
Philip II
Xerxes
What are the three positions in the Roman Republic?
Senator
Tribune
Consul
Who studied under the guidance of Aristotle?
Alexander the Great
Why did Athen lose the Peloponnesian War?
Pericles died of disease
Sparta received support from Persia
Spartan army was more powerful
Who became the father of history by writing about the Persian Wars?
Herodotus
Who was the philosopher who wrote about politics in a book called the Republic?
Plato
Which army won the Battle of Thermopylae
Persians
Who became the first emperor in Roman history?
Octavian
Who was assassinated by a group of senators after e declared himself dictator for life?
Julius Caesar
Who received the loyalty of a client army?
General
What city was destroyed during the Third Punic War?
Carthage
Where did the Romans finally defer Hannibal?
Zama
What island did Romans and Carthaginians want to control during the First Punic War?
Sicily
Did the Persians build roads to transport messages, taxes, and soldiers?
YES
Did Julius Caesar become a victorious military commander in Gaul?
YES
Did Cincinnatus defeat Marius in a civil war?
NO
Did Pericles bring Athen to the height of its power?
YES
Did the Spartans defeat a Persian army at the Battle of Marathon?
NO
Did Tiberius Gracchus serve as a tribune before his assassination?
YES
Did the Romans behead 6,000 slaves after Spartacus was defeated?
NO
Did Xerxes March an army through the Alps to invade Roman Territory?
NO
Did Themistolces lead the Athenian navy during the Battle of Salamis?
YES
Did Artistotle emphasize logic in all subjects?
YES
Did Thucydides write about the Peloponnesian War?
YES
Did Alexander the Great conquer Greece at the Battle of Plataea?
NO
Did the Roman soldiers usually march in a testy do formation?
YES
We’re the twelve tables a set of laws that protected plebeians in Rome?
YES
Describe the Battle of Marathon - why is this battle significant in Western history?
Persian army landed 26 miles northeast of Athens
Athenian infantry charged across open field
Athen proved its military might by defeating a larger Persian army
Original marathon run
Why was the Delian League created? Which city-state was the most important member?
Delian League was intended to protect Athens and its allies from Spartan aggression
Athen was the most powerful city-state in the Delian League
Pericles transformed the Delian League into an Athenian Empire
Who ruled Egypt after Alexander died? Describe Alexandria as a center of learning?
Ptolemaic Dynasty fueled Egypt until 30 BC
Archimedes calculated the value of pi
Eratosthenes calculated the circumference of the Earth
What was the struggle of the orders? How did it affect Roman society?
Elite patricians dominated Roman society
Common plebeians demanded more rights
Plebeians eventually achieved equality
Who was Pyrrhus? What is a Pyrrhic victory?
Pyrrhus was a Greek leader who fought against the Romans
Pyrrhic victory is a victory that does more harm than good
Pyrrhus repeatedly defeated the Romans but he could not replace the men that he lost
Describe The Battle of Cannae - what does it revel about both Hannibal and Rome?
Carthaginians surrounded and annihilated a larger Roman army
Hannibal proved that he was a great military commander
Romans were able to replace the 50,000 me that they lost
Describe the reign of Alexander the Great. How did he rise to power? Why is Alexander the Great a significant figure in world history? How did his reign affect the development of Persia and Egypt?
Philip II United Macedonia and conquered most of Greece
Philip II trained Alexander (son) to be the next King
Alexander gained military experience in his father’s army and studied under Aristotle
Alexander built the largest empire in the world
Hellenistic cultures developed from Greek and local influences
Egypt would be ruled by a Greek dynasty until 30 BC
Discuss the fall of the Roman Empire How did violence become an important part of Roman politics? Describe the actions of Marius, Sulla, Julius Caesar and Octavian?
Gracchus brothers were violently eliminated after trying to improve the lives of the poor
Marius welcomed poor men into his army - they would be loyal to him
Sulla used his own army to defeat Marius in a civil war
Julius Caesar used his army to become dictator for life before his assassination
Octavian defeated Mark Antony in a civil war to become emperor and end the republic
