Mid Term Exam 2024 Flashcards
This mountain was a fortress where Jewish rebels refused to surrender.
Masada
What was the capital city of the Byzantine empire?
Constantinople
What term means universal?
Catholic
What term means submission to God?
Islam
What is a place of worship for Muslims who gather on Fridays?
Mosque
Who were the navigators and warriors that raided churches and monasteries?
Vikings
Who provided military service in return for land?
Knights
Title that means first citizen.
princeps
Who were the witnesses that chose death instead of denouncing their faith?
Martyrs
This term means right or proper.
Orthodox
Who was the angel who appeared to Muhammad during his revelation?
Gabreil
What is Islam’s holy book written in Arabic?
Koran
This means hammer and is Frankish.
Martel
A plot of land received by a vassal from his lord.
Fief
What is an economic association formed by merchants or craftsman?
Guild
What happened during the Great Jewish Revolt?
- Jewish Temple was destroyed
- Romans took plunder back to Rome
- Titus commanded Roman Soldiers
Who persecuted Christians, killed his mother, and committed suicide?
Nero
What emperor ended the era of Roman expansion and focused on defense?
Hadrian
What structure served as a temple of the gods in the Roman Civil Religion?
Pantheon
What region was invaded by Claudius?
Britian
What emperor brought the Roman Empire to its largest size?
Trajan
What philosophy was discussed by Marcus Aurelius in his book, Meditations?
Stoicism
Who sacked Rome?
Alaric and the Visigoths
After the death of Muhammad, who served as the first caliph?
Abu Bakr
Who persuaded Attila the Hun to spare Rome from destruction?
Pope
What city was the was the capital of Russia under Prince Vladimir?
Kiev
What field of mathematics was pioneered during the Golden Age?
Algebra
What term refers to the pilgrimage to Mecca?
Hajj
Where was the Spanish Moors defeated by Charles Martel in 732?
Battle of Tours
Who was invited to Charlemagne’s royal court to help restore learning?
Alcuin
Who was the Muslim ruler to first capture Constantinople?
Mehmet II
After defeating the Arabs and Persians what group of nomads converted to Sunni Islam?
Turks
Who was crowned emperor on Christmas Day 800?
Charlemagne
What explorer landed in Newfoundland around 1000?
Life Erikson
Who received a knight’s loyalty under the code of chivalry?
- Feudal lord
- Chosen lady
- God
What even happened during the 4th crusade?
Pope excommunicated an entire Christian army.
Who threatened the Franks after 700?
- Vikings
- Muslims
- Magyars
What region was named after the Vikings settlers who took control in 911?
Normandy
What ruler kept Richard the Lionheart from capturing Jerusalem?
Saladin
During the Black Death, what percentage of the European population died?
50%
At the Battle of Agincourt, what weapon gave the English an advantage?
Longbow
Concrete made the Romans able to build larger, durable structures.
True
Edict of Milan gave religious freedom to all in the Roman Empire?
True
The Eastern Orthodox Church had all masses in Latin?
False
Ummah is a community of believers that serve Allah?
True
The official Koran must be written in Hebrew?
False
Janissaries were Christian slaves who became elite Ottoman warriors?
True
Aachen was the capital city where Charlemagne lived?
True
Carolingian minuscule provided legible writing for books?
True
Serfs were free to leave a manor after 10 years of service?
False
The pope and nobles lost power after failed crusades?
True
The Magna Carta forced English nobles to give all their land to the king?
False
England defeated France at the end of the Hundred Years’ War?
False
The Black Death was transmitted by infected fleas on rats?
True
William the Conqueror used castles to impose his authority in England?
True
A journeyman could join a guild after creating a masterpiece?
True
The treaty of Verdun established rules of war protecting non-combatants?
False
Charlemagne used the missi Dominick to check on counts around his empire?
True
Charles Martel established the Carolingian Dynasty?
True
Ali was the last Orthodox Caliph?
True
Beef is prohibited in Islam?
False
Bedouins worshipped hundreds of natural spirits called the Jinn?
True
They Byzantines called themselves Romans?
True
Caligula was the first Roman emperor to be assissinated?
True
Augustus sponsored patriotic writers who glorified Rome?
True
Who was the Teenage girl led French troops before her death?
Joan of Arc
Who were the Elite Christian warriors in the Crusader States?
Knights Templar
What was the city saved by Joan of Arc?
Orleans
What was the plague that killed half of the people of Europe?
Black Death
Who was the Anglo-Saxon king killed by the Normans?
Harold Godwinson
What was the search for heretics involving torture called?
Inquisition
Who was the King of Wessex who defeated the Vikings?
Alfred the Great
What was the Byzantine law code organized by Justinian?
Corpus Juris Civilis
Who was the Roman citizen who built churches and was beheaded?
Paul of Tarsus
What was the Christian city attacked by crusaders near Venice?
Zara
Who was the traveling preacher crucified by the Romans?
Historical Jesus
What was the complete census of England called that was ordered by William?
Doomsday book
Who was the most powerful official in each Frankish kingdom?
Mayor of the Palace
What was the narrow territory between the Franks and Moors?
Spanish March
Who was the English King who won the Battle of Agincourt?
Henry V
