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World History - - Meltebrink > TEST - Unit 7 Byzantine / Islam > Flashcards

TEST - Unit 7 Byzantine / Islam Flashcards

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1
Q

Who were Arab monotheists who influenced Muhammad?

A

Hanifs

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2
Q

What is the capital city of Russia under Prince Vladimir?

A

Kiev

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3
Q

What is a place of worship where Muslims gather on Fridays?

A

Mosque

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4
Q

What is the term for “submission to God”?

A

Islam

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5
Q

What is the name of the angel that appeared to Muhammad during his revelation?

A

Gabriel

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6
Q

What is the term for “Universal”?

A

Catholic

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7
Q

What is the term for “right” or “Proper”?

A

Orthodox

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8
Q

What is the name of the capital city in the Byzantine Empire?

A

Constantinople

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9
Q

Which group of nomads converted to Sunni Islam after defeating the Arabs and Persians?

A

Turks

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10
Q

What term refers to a pilgrimage to Mecca?

A

Hajj

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11
Q

What Muslim ruler became the first to capture Constantinople?

A

Mehmet II

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12
Q

What field of mathematic was pioneered during the Islamic Renaissance?

A

Algebra

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13
Q

What city served as the capital of the Umayyad Caliphate?

A

Damascus

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14
Q

Did the Byzantines call themselves Romans?

A

YES

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15
Q

Did the Eastern Orthodox Church conducted all masses in Latin?

A

NO

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16
Q

Did the Bedouins worship hundreds of natural spirits called the Jinn?

A

YES

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17
Q

Is the ummah a community of believers who serve Allah?

A

YES

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18
Q

Is eating beef prohibited in Islam?

A

NO

19
Q

Does Alchemy involve efforts to turn base metals into gold?

A

YES

20
Q

Does an official Koran HAVE to be written in Hebrew?

A

NO

21
Q

Was Ali the last Orthodox Caliph?

A

YES

22
Q

Why do people rebel against Justinian during the Nike Riot - how did the riot end?

A
  • A violent reaction to higher taxes for military expansion and building projects
  • Rebels threatened Justinian’s power and tried over overthrow
  • Theodora encouraged Justinian to fight
  • Justinian and Belisarius (commander of the army) defeated the rebels preserved the Byzantine Empire
23
Q

Why did Justinian develop the Corpus Juris Cavils - why is this law code significant?

A
  • Body of civil law
  • Created to preserve and organize the Roman Law Code
  • Byzantine law code for 1,000 years (foundation of modern European laws)
24
Q

What is the Kaaba - why is it important?

A

~Originally served as a shrine to the Jinn - before the idols were removed
~Muhammad removed the idols from the shrine when he returned to Mecca
~Shrine became the holiest site in Islam rededicated to Allah
~Center of the Hajj
~Pray toward the shrine five times a day

25
Q

What are the differences between Sunni and Shi’a Muslims - which group was larger?

A

Sunni Muslims recognize the Umayyad Caliphate
Shi’ah Muslims refused to recognize the caliphs after Ali
Strong Shi’ah presence continues in Iran and Iraq
Sunni Muslims compose 90% of the Muslim world

26
Q

Be able to respond to the following essays

Discuss the reign of Justinian. What were his greatest accomplishments? What were some of his failure? Was he a great ruler?

A

~Military expansion (Belisarius as the army commander)
~Preservation of Ram Law (Corpus Juris Civilis)
~Architecture in Constantinople (defenses, market place, imperial palace, Hagia Sophia)
~Military expansion devastated western territories and brought higher taxes
~Theodora and Belisarius wanted to fight when Justianian was prepared to flee

27
Q

Who served as the first caliph after the death of Muhammad?

A

Abu Bakr

28
Q

What is the term for a religious images that created controversy in the Byzantine Empire?

A

Icons

29
Q

What is the term for the holy book of Islam that is written in Arabic?

A

Koran

30
Q

What are the five Pillars of Islam?

A 
Shahada
Prayer
Alms
Fasting 
Hajj
31
Q

Where was Muhammad born?

A

Mecca

32
Q

Who was the famous Muslim doctor during the Islamic Renaissance?

A

Avicenna

33
Q

What city served as the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate?

A

Baghdad

34
Q

Did Muhammad win the Battle of Badr?

A

YES

35
Q

Is Jihad a holy struggle to defend Islam?

A

YES

36
Q

Was the sultan a religious leader for the Seljuk Turks?

A

NO

37
Q

Did an astrolab use stars to chart geographic positions?

A

YES

38
Q

Why did Muhammad and his people go to Medina in 622 - what is this event called?

A
  • Muhammad and his followers fled from hostile Arabs in Mecca
  • Muhammad recruited an army of new converts for his return to Mecca
  • Called Year 1 on the Islamic calendar
39
Q

How did the Muslims treat conquered people - what were new subjects (people) supposed to do?

A

~they were fully incorporated into the Dar al-Islam

~They were forced to convert to Islam, pay a tax or FACE DEATH

40
Q

Who united the Franks through force?

A

Clovis

40
Q

What issue created conflict between Eastern and Western Christians?

A

Mass celebrated in vernacular languages
Marriage for priests
Use of icons

40
Q

Were Janissaries Christians slaves who became elite Ottoman warriors?

A

YES

40
Q

Describe the Islamic Golden Age. What were some of the major academic and cultural advancements of this time period? How have these advancements affected the modern world?

A

Abbasid caliphs invested in research libraries
Alchemy (Chemistry)
Medicine (Avicenna focused on diseases and treatments)
Astrolabe (improvements)
Mathematic (Algebra, Arabic numerals)
Literature (Koran/poetry, Arabian Nights)

World History - - Meltebrink (20 decks)

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