Unit 3: Cells and Cell Transport

Question 1

what are some differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Answer 1

P

• no nucleus
• no membrane bound organelles
• simple
• archaic
• single called
• smaller
• only include bacteria

E

• nucleus
• membrane bound organelles
• complex
• more recent
• single or multicellular
• larger
• includes everything else

Question 2

what are the principles of the cell theory?

Answer 2

1. the cell is the basic structural unit of life
2. all living things are made up of cells
3. all cells come from other cells

Question 3

what is an organelle?

Answer 3

a structure within the cytoplasm that performs a specific job in the cell.

Question 4

what is a cell?

Answer 4

the smallest structural unit of life

Question 5

know the functions of the following organelles: lysosomes, nucleus, ER, Golgi apparatus, vacuoles, cell membrane, chloroplast, mitochondria, ribosomes

Answer 5

lysosomes-digests worn out cells or bacteria
nucleus-controls material processes and contains DNA
ER-assembles proteins and lipids
Golgi apparatus-sorts and packages cell products into vesicles to be shipped
vacuoles-stores material, water, and waste
cell membrane-controls entry into and out of cell
chloroplast-converts solar energy to chemical energy stored in food
mitochondria-converts chemical energy in food to useable compounds
ribosomes-produces proteins

Question 6

6

Answer 6

6

Question 7

7

Answer 7

7

Question 8

8

Answer 8

8

Question 9

9

Answer 9

9