Final Exam Flashcards
How would you define biology?
the study of life
What are the levels of organization?
atoms & molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism, species, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere
What are the 8 characteristics of life?
DNA, made up of cells, reproduce, grow & develop, require some form of energy (metabolism), maintain homeostasis, evolve, respond to their environment
What is the independent variable?
The variable that you manipulate or change in the experiment. This is what you are testing.
What is the dependent variable?
The variable that changes as a result of the independent variable.
Differentiate between a polar and non polar covalent bond.
polar covalent bond has electrons being shared unequally while non polar covalent bonds electrons are shared equally.
What chemical reaction removes a water to join molecules together?
dehydration synthesis
Which chemical reaction adds a water to break apart a polymer?
hydrolysis
What is a polysaccharide
It is a complex sugar, a polymer of carbohydrates, made up of 100’s to 1000’s of monosaccharides, examples include starch, glycogen, cellulose, chitin
Which polysaccharides store energy in plants and animals
starch (plants), glycogen (animals)
The characteristic of all lipids which means they don’t like water is called?
hydrophobic
How does a tail of a saturated fatty acid differ from an unsaturated fatty acid?
saturated tail has only single bonds allowing it to have the max number of H’s. Unsaturated tail has 1 or more double bonds, preventing it from having the max number of H’s.
The monomers of proteins are?
amino acids
What does denaturing a protein mean?
it loses its shape
What is the cell theory?
all cells come from preexisting cells, all living organisms are made up of cells, the cell is the smallest unit of life
