Structure and Function of the CV Flashcards
describe the location of the heart
centered in the chest but tilted, in bony thorax, (protected by ribs, sternum, thoracic vertebrae), between the lungs
what are the functions of the cv system?
- transports 02 nutrients substances l throughout body
- removes wastes from tissue
- pumps blood
what are the chambers of the Heart?
atria - upper
- both pump blood to ventricles
ventricles - lower
- both pump blood to greater arteries
what do the arteries (arterioles-small) do?
- carry blood away from heart
- most carry 02 blood
what do the veins (venules-small) do?
- carry blood to the heart
- most carry de-02 blood
- valves to prevent backflow
what are capillaries?
- smallest
- exchange material between blood and cells
name all of the greater vessels
- superior vena cava (de-02 blood)
- inferior vena cava (de-02 blood)
- rt/lft pulmonary artery (only arteries carrying de-02 blood)
- rt/lft pulmonary veins (only veins carrying 02 blood)
- aorta
what are the vena cavas?
the superiors vena cava is a vein that returns blood to right atria from upper body and the inferior vena cava is the same, with the exception of returning blood to right atria from LOWER body
what do the rt/lft pulmonary artery do?
carry blood away from right ventricle to the lungs
what do the rt/lft pulmonary veins do?
carry blood and to the left atria from the lungs
what is the aorta?
largest artery in body that carries blood away from left ventricle to the body
how many valves do we have and what do they do?
4 and they keep blood from flowing backwards
where are the 2 AV valves (atrioventricular) and what do they do?
close when ventricle pumps
- tricuspid (right side)
- mitral (bicuspid)(left side)
where are the 2 semilunar valves and what do they do?
close when ventricles relax
- pulmonary semilunar (right side)
- aortic semilunar (left side)
what is blood pressure?
the pressure being exerted on an artery wall when then heart contracts and relaxes
- systole: contraction phase
- diastole: relaxation phase
