Unit 2 study Guide - The Counter-Reformation - The Jesuits Flashcards
Who were the Jesuits?
A religious order founded by Ignatius of Loyola in 1534
Their mission was to spread Catholicism and combat Protestantism during the Counter-Reformation.
What was the mission of the Jesuits?
To spread Catholicism and combat Protestantism
They were known for their strong education system, missions, and dedication to the Pope.
Who was the key founder of the Jesuits?
Ignatius of Loyola
-Born in 1491, Ignatius was a Spanish soldier who had a religious conversion after being injured in battle.
-Wrote the Spiritual Exercises, a guide for spiritual growth and meditation that became the foundation of Jesuit practices.
-In 1534, Ignatius and six companions took vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience, forming the Society of Jesus.
He was born in 1491 and was a Spanish soldier who had a religious conversion.
What significant work did Ignatius of Loyola write?
The Spiritual Exercises
This work became the foundation of Jesuit practices.
In what year was the Society of Jesus founded?
1534
What vows did Ignatius and his companions take?
Poverty, chastity, and obedience
What was one of the key areas of focus for the Jesuits?
Education
They established schools and universities to educate both Catholic clergy and laity.
Where did Jesuits travel for missionary work?
Asia, Africa, and the Americas
What was a major role of the Jesuits during the Counter-Reformation?
-To combat the spread of Protestant ideas.
-They were specifically dedicated to the task of reconstructing church life and teaching
To whom did the Jesuits swear loyalty?
The Pope
True or False: The Jesuits were known for their strong education system.
True
Fill in the blank: The Jesuits were a major force in the _______.
Counter-Reformation
Educational Impact?
The Jesuit education system became one of the most respected in Europe and the world, focusing not only on religion but also on science, philosophy, and the arts. The Jesuits are known for their intellectual rigor and contributions to theology, philosophy, and scientific advancements.
What was their Political Influence?
Jesuits were often involved in politics, sometimes to the point where they were seen as too powerful. This led to tensions, especially in countries where they had significant influence, like France and Spain.
What was the Suppression of the Jesuits?
In 1773, the Jesuit order was temporarily suppressed by Pope Clement XIV due to pressure from European monarchs who saw them as too influential. The order was reinstated in 1814 by Pope Pius VII.
Why was the spread of Jesuit rhetoric so successful?
Unlike other orders, Jesuits were known for being adaptable to different cultures, which made them successful in diverse regions.
Key Characteristics:
Strong education system, missionary zeal, loyalty to the Pope.
Controversy:
Political influence and suppression in the 18th century.
Legacy:
Continues to impact education, religion, and social justice today
