Midterm review - Matching game Flashcards
Slimy Stuwards
-James I
-Charels I
Oliver Cromwell
-Charles II
-James II
The Stuart Restoration
When Charles II became king of England.
The Italian Renaissance was able to begin because of…
LACC FFP:
-Location
-Acumulation of wealth
-City state system
-Classisisum
-Fall of Constantinople
-(weak) Feutal system
-Peace
Luther “nailed it” on…
Martin Luther nailed his 95 Theses on the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg, Germany, on October 31, 1517.
Who was selling indulgences in Saxony, who was he selling them for? Why?
John Tetzel was selling indulgences on behalf of Bishop Albecht of Mainz. Bishop Albecht of Mainz was having John Tetzel sell indulgences to pay off the loan he took out to bribe Pope Leo X to allow him (Albecht of Mainz) hold multiple positions in the church.
What is Pluralisum?
When a church official holds a position at multiple churches.
What does Pluralisum lead to?
Pluralism leads to absenteeism which is when a church official isn’t fulfilling their duties to the church.
What is Simony? What was it named after (just to help you remember not gonna be on the test)
Simony is the buying and selling of churches. Simony is named after Simon Magus, a figure in the Acts of the Apostles who offered money to the apostles for the power to confer the Holy Spirit
Reasons for European exploration were…
The four G’s:
God
Glory
Gold
Gateway: The desire to discover of new trade routes, and gain control over areas with valuable resorces.
The first freestanding bronze sculpture since the Antiquities:
Donatello’s David
This act declared the Monarch the head of the English church
King Henry VIII’s Act of
Supremacy.
Who were the 3 famous explorers who sailed for Portugal? What did they do?
1) Prince Henry the “Navigator”:
-Built the Navigation School of Sagres
-Big patron of maritime exploration
-Wasn’t a navigator himself
2) Bartholomew Diaz:
-Rounds the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa
3) Vasco de Gama:
-Went to Gama lands in India
-He was the dude who cut off a bunch of native peoples hands when they tried to attack him and his crew
-Got their chief to trade with Portugal
Who were the 4 explorers who sailed for Spain?
Hint: one of them went rouge
1) Christopher Columbus:
-Employed by Isabella of Castile, Queen of Spain
-He was hired to to find a route to India, but fucked up and discovered the Americas instead, and claimed it as Spanish territory
-Went on four voyages
2) Hernando Cortez:
-Long story short queen Isabella of Castile hired him to go on an expedition but he said “fuck that” and sailed to Uncatan Mexico in 1521. Once he got there he burned the ships forceing his crew to stay for the ride
-Used tech advantages such as cannons dogs of war despise etc against the native people
- Leader of the conquest of the Aztec empire
3) Francisco Pizarro:
-Leader of the Incan conquest
4) Ferdinand Magellan:
-His crew were the first to circumnavigate the globe (Magellan died on the way)
- For can text there were 5 ships on the expedition and roughly 270 men on board and only 18 made it back alive
Who were the 2 one off explorers from plavves other than Spain and Portugal? Dw about this one too much
1) Sir Francis Drake: English
-2nd to circumnavigate the globe and Sir Francis Drake lives to see the end of the voyage
2) Samuel de Champlain: French
- Founded Quebec City and New France
This protestant King killer wasn’t very jolly, he outlawed Christmas:
Oliver Cromwell (Puritan)
Spain declined in the 17th century (1600s) due to…
Over expansion and over extension of it’s resources.
Amies of the English civil war:
Roundheads vs Cavilers
Cause of the English civil war:
The event that sparked the conflict was when King Charels I disbands Parliament, then 12 years later he asks them to fund him in order to squash the rebellion in Scottland. They say yes on the condition that he relinquishes power to Parliament.
The causes of the wars were complex and many-layered. At the centre of the conflict were disagreements about:
-Religon
-Theft of land from the commenfolk
-Power struggle
-Abuse of Parlement
The Holy Roman Empire was…
A Germanic Confederation of lands ruled by an Emperor.
Baroque art was characterized by ____. One of it’s biggest patrons was ___.
Drama and emotion. It’s biggest patron was the Jesuits.
What/who were the Jesuits and who was it’s founder? What did the Jesuits believe in?
The Jesuits/the members of the society of Jesus were a group of Catholics combating Protestantism, by spreading chatholisisum (they were very good at going native). They often used Baroque art to make their religion more appealing. -Part of the counter-reformation
It’s founder was: St. Ignatius of Loyola
-He was a Spanish soldier who had a religious vision while wounded in battle
-Wrote “The Spiritual Exercises”
This book is a collection of meditations, contemplations, and prayers.
The Jesuits were dedicated to serving God through missionary work, education, and social justice, seeking to “find God in all things”.
Protestant
Any non-catholic western christian
What was Peter the Great’s vision for Russia?
Westernization
Sweden lost it’s power because of..
the Great Northern war
The Great Northern War started because…
Peter the Great of Russia wanted to gain access to the Baltic Sea by taking territory controlled by Sweden.
a: Who was involved in the northern war?
b: Why?
a: Denmark, Poland-Saxony, and Russia vs. Sweeden
b: Denmark and Poland-Saxony wanted to reclaim lands lost to Sweden and Russia wanted to gain access to maritime trade.
Catholic King who sent a fleet of ships to invade England
Philip II
Traditional farming method to let soil replenish nutrience
Fallow/three crop rotation system
This was the most valuable New World export to Europe
Sugar
Main Purpose of the Peace of Augsburg
To end the ongoing conflict between Lutherins and Catholics in the German states.
Henry VIII was the first Elizabeth I was the last.
The Tudors
Movement to fens fields to farm more efficiantly
Enclosure movment
He was able to save the Protestant cause in the 30 years war
Gustavus Adolfus
By 1795 it was gone from the face of Europe
Poland
The program of study that emphasized the study of Greek and Roman literature
Humanism
