Unit 15

Question 1

Healthy Aging

Answer 1

Growing old by avoiding disease, being engaged with life, and maintaining high cognitive and physical functioning.

Question 2

Competence

Answer 2

Upper limit of a person’s ability to function in five domains: physical health, sensory-perceptual skills, motor skills, cognitive skills, and ego strength.

Question 3

Environmental Press

Answer 3

Physical, interpersonal, or social demands that environments put on people.

Question 4

Adaptation Level

Answer 4

When press level is average for a particular level of competence.

Question 5

Zone of Maximum Performance Potential

Answer 5

When press level is slightly higher, tending to improve performance.

Question 6

Zone of Maximum Comfort

Answer 6

When press level is slightly lower, facilitating a high quality of life.

Question 7

Proactivity

Answer 7

When people choose new behaviors to meet new desires or needs and exert control over their lives.

Question 8

Docility

Answer 8

When people allow their situation to dictate the options they have.

Question 9

Preventive Adaptations

Answer 9

Actions that avoid stressors and increase or build social resources. Older adults tend to engage in these adaptations.

Question 10

Corrective Adaptations

Answer 10

Actions taken in response to stressors that can be facilitated by internal and external resources. Older adults tend to start engaging in these adaptations.

Question 11

Integrity versus Despair

Answer 11

According to Erikson, the process in late life by which people try to make sense of their lives.

Question 12

Life Review

Answer 12

Process by which people reflect on the events and experiences of their lifetimes.

Question 13

Subjective Well-Being

Answer 13

Evaluation of one’s life that is associated with positive feelings.

Question 14

Spirituality Support

Answer 14

Type of coping strategy that includes seeking pastoral care, participating in organized and nonorganized religious activities, and expressing faith in a God who cares for people.

Question 15

Social Convoy

Answer 15

Group of people who journey with us throughout our lives, providing support in good times and bad.

Question 16

Socioemotional Selectivity

Answer 16

Theory that argues that social contact is motivated by a variety of goals, including information seeking, self-concept, and emotional regulation.

Question 17

Frail Older Adults

Answer 17

Older adults who have physical disabilities, are very ill, may have cognitive or psychological disorders, and need assistance with everyday tasks.

Question 18

Activities of Daily Living (ADLs)

Answer 18

Basic self-care tasks such as eating, bathing, toileting, walking, and dressing.

Question 19

Instrumental Activities of Daily living (IADLs)

Answer 19

Actions that require some intellectual competence and planning.

Question 20

Physical Limitations (PLIMs)

Answer 20

Activities that reflect functional limitations such as walking a block or sitting for about two hours.

Question 21

Sense of Place

Answer 21

Cognitive and emotional attachments that a person puts on his or her place of residence, by which a “house” is made into a “home.”

Question 22

Functional Health

Answer 22

Ability to perform the activities of daily living (ADLs), instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), and physical limitations (PLIMs).

Question 23

Assisted Living Facilities

Answer 23

Supportive living arrangement for people who need assistance with ADLs or IADLs but who are not so impaired physically or cognitively that they need 24-hour care.

Question 24

Nursing Home

Answer 24

Type of long-term care facility that provide medical care 24 hours a day, 7 days a week using a team of healthcare professionals that includes physicians (who must be on call at all times), nurses, therapists (e.g., physical, occupational), and others.