Unit 13 Flashcards
Skeletal Maturity
The point at which bone mass is greatest and the skeleton is at peak development, occurs at around 18 for women and 20 for men.
Osteoporosis
Disease in which bones become porous and extremely easy to break.
Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) Test
Test of bone mineral density (BMD) at the hip at spine.
Osteoarthritis
Most common form of arthritis, a disease marked by gradual onset of bone damage with progression of pain and disability together with minor signs of inflammation from wear and tear.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
More destructive disease of the joints that develops slowly; it typically affects different joints and causes different types of pain than osteoarthritis does.
Climacteric
Biological process during which women pass from their reproductive to nonreproductive years.
Menopause
Point at which menstruation stops.
Perimenopause
Individually varying time of transition from regular menstruation to menopause.
Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT)
Therapy in which women take low doses of estrogen, which is often combined with progestin (a synthetic form of progesterone).
Stress and Coping Paradigm
Framework that views stress not as an environmental stimulus or as a response, but as the interaction of a thinking person and an event.
Primary Appraisal
Process that categorizes events into three groups based on the significance they have for one’s well-being: irrelevant, benign or positive, and stressful.
Secondary Appraisal
Process that evaluates one’s perceived ability to cope with harm, threat, or challenge.
Reappraisal
Process of making a new primary or secondary appraisal resulting from changes in the situation.
Coping
Attempt to deal with stressful events.
Problem-Focused Coping
Attempts to tackle a problem head-on.
Emotion-Focused Coping
Dealing with one’s feelings about a stressful event.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
An anxiety disorder that can develop after exposure to a terrifying event or ordeal in which grave physical harm occurred or was threatened.
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction
Being aware and nonjudgmental of whatever is happening at that moment.
Aerobic Exercise
Exercise that places moderate stress on the heart by maintaining a pulse rate between 60% and 90% of a person’s maximum heart rate.
Practical Intelligence
Broad range of skills related to how individuals shape, select, or adapt to their physical and social environments.
Mechanics of Intelligence
Those aspects of intelligence comprising fluid intelligence.
Pragmatics of Intelligence
Refers to those aspects of intelligence reflecting crystallized intelligence.
Neuroticism
Personality trait dimension associated with the tendency to be anxious, hostile, self-conscious, depressed, impulsive, and vulnerable.
Extraversion
Personality trait dimension associated with the tendency to thrive on social interaction, to like to talk, to take charge easily, to readily express their opinions and feelings, to keep busy, to have boundless energy, and to prefer stimulating and challenging environments.
Openness to Experience
Personality dimension that reflects a tendency to have a vivid imagination and dream life, an appreciation of art, and a strong desire to try anything once.
Agreeableness
Dimension of personality associated with being accepting, willing to work with others, and caring.
Conscientiousness
Dimension of personality in which people tend to be hard-working, ambitious, energetic, scrupulous, and persevering.
Personality Adjustment
Developmental changes in terms of their adaptive value and functionality such as whether one can function effectively within society and how personality contributes to everyday life running smoothly.
Personality Growth
Form of personality that refers to ideal end states such as increased self-transcendence, wisdom, and integrity.
Generativity
In Erikson’s theory, being productive by helping others to ensure the continuation of society by guiding the next generation.
Stagnation
In Erikson’s theory, the state in which people are unable to deal with the needs of their children or to provide mentoring to younger adults.
Narrative
Way in which a person derives personal meaning from being generative by constructing a life story, which helps create the person’s identity.
Midlife Correction
Reevaluating one’s roles and dreams and making the necessary correction.
Kinkeeper
Person who gathers family members together for celebrations and keeps them in touch with each other, usually a middle-aged mother.
Sandwich Generation
Middle-aged adults who are caught between the competing demands of two generations: their parents and their children.
Filial Obligation
Sense of obligation to care for one’s parents if necessary.
