Unit 1 Test Flashcards
Act of Toleration
Belief systems; allowed freedom of worship to Protestants who broke away from Church of England. Passed in 1689 by William and Mary
Northwest Passage
Economy; mythical passage that supposedly cut through the Americas. Sought out because it provide a trade route to Asia by sailing West
Columbian Exchange
Economy; it was the widespread transfer of goods and disease between America and Europe. Happened because of Columbus’s discovery of New World
Anne Hutchinson
Belief systems; claimed to have direct revelations from the Holy Spirit. She sparred on equal terms with the magistrates and ministers. Later kicked out of Mass. In 1637
Encomienda
Economy; set up by Spanish conquistadors, where by favored officers became privileged land owners who contained indigenous villages. They were to take care of priests and Indians, and Indians wre supposed to provide goods and labor
Roger Williams
Founded Rhode Island. Criticized Mass. For not repudiate all elements of the Church of England. Also viewed the government should be a separation of church and state. Was eventually expelled
Massachusetts Bay Colony;
Peopling; founded by non-separating Congregationalists. Led by John Winthrop, who was animated by profound religious convictions. Saw it as a refuge for persecuted Puritans and was self governing.
King Phillip’s War
America in the World; caused by Metacomet’s refusal to convert to Christianity. John Sassanian warned English of incoming attack. Found dead and 3 Wampanoags were convicted. Wampanoags attacked and Englishmen killed one. Caused many deaths and ended when indians were short on supplies
Anglo- Powhatan Wars
America in the World; a war fought between the Powhatan Confederacy and settlers that was caused by the constant pressure that settlers put on the Indians to help them survive
New England Confederacy
America in the World; a short lived militia alliance among the New England colonies in support of the Church and for defense against Native Americans and Dutch colonies
Great Migration
When 80,000 Britons came to new settlements around the world over the next decade. Most of them Traveled to the Americas. Most went to West Indies for sugar cane
Salutary/ Benign Neglect
Politics and Power; lax administration by the mother country; allowed colonies a measurement of self government. Because of the problems with the Stuart kinds and European Wars , American colonies pursued their own interests
Virginia House of Burgesses
Politics and Power; the legislative assembly in Virginia. Chosen by popular vote by White male property owners. Controlled the budget by their right right to vote on taxes and expenditure, and imitate legislation
Indentured Servants
Economy; Servants who served under a masted for a limited amount of time. Once free,they could pursue their own interests
William Penn
Peopling; Founder of Pennsylvania which was a Quaker commonwealth. Upon his father’s death he inherited proprietary rights to Pennsylvania
Triangular Trade
Economy; made route in between Europe, North America, and Africa.
Dominion of England
Politics and Power; formed to undermine the authority of Puritans and Christian elected assemblies. Sir Edward Andros became royal governor. He levied taxes, suppressed town governments, enforced the navigations acts, and punished smugglers
Navigation Acts
Economy; A set of laws used to tighten its commerce within its colonies, gave England control of the incredibly profitable fur trade of tobacco and sugar. Increased revenues in England
Middle Passage
Peopling; a brutal voyage to America for the African slaves. Slaves died because of uprisings, disease, and suicides
Great Awakening
Belief Systems; invigorated and fragmented american religious life. Appealed to the masses and spawned Protestant evangelicalism
Bacon’s Revellion
Politics and Power; defied governor Berkeley’s authority. Largely a battle of servants, small farmers and slaves against Virginia’s wealthiest planters and political leaders.
Zenger’s Trial
Belief System; john peter zenger was put on trial for posting criticism of New York’s governor on his newspaper. His defense that the criticism was true and was found not guilty
Halfway Covenant
Belief System; where by baptized children of church members could be admitted to a halfway membership and secure baptism for their children, in turn, could not vote in church or take communion.
Witness of mayflower Compact
William Vradford
The main point the author wants to convey is
Was to subscribe to a civil body politic, wherby everybody would serve for the greater good
To whom was the document written?
The Pilgrims
What was the witness’ purpose in writing
To establish rules to allow the colony to survive
What was the author’s perspective
Their version of government was for the greater good
This document is important because
We can now have a greater understanding how theilgrims viewed they showed live their lives
Describe the meaning and importance of the covenant described by Winthrop
For them to improve their live by improving their service to The Lord. If they did not follow me, they shall fall to embrace the present world. It is important because these laws would please God, as these laws were the basis for their divine mission
What would be the consequences of failure to keep the covenant with God!
The Lord would break wrath against the Puritans and would send them to the gates of hell
What specific behaviors did Winthrop expect of the colonists who were part of the covenant?
To form as one man. Meaning they just supply each other’s necessities
What does the City upon a hill reveal about the American views on their establishment of society in the New World?
That they would be a model of all nations. Their model would lead to the full success of the colonies
