Chapter 12 Flashcards
In many fields, blacks influenced snd enriched
The region’s development
The profitable and convenience of owning slaves as well as the psychological appeal of owning slaves
Created a sense of racial unity
Why were there fewer immigrants to the South
Main shipping lines went to the North and slavery isolated the region
The Lower South gree
Increasingly dependent upon labor intensive cotton production and slave labor. Slaves represent half of the population
The Middle South had
Diversified agricultural economies and included large areas without slavery
In the Upper South,
Slavery began to decline
What all three regions agreed on was
To keep slavery
Paternalism
Incorporated slaves into their housego
Sm
Whites increasingly believed that only
Constant vigilance, supervision, terror, intimidation, and punishment would keep slaves in order
Rice production was very expensive because
It required large machinery and few plantations could afford it. In addition, it required floodgates and irrigation ditches
Sugar was also expensive because of high machinery
Sugar needed a protective tariff. Louisiana is a large supporter
Three factors of growth
Cotton gin, demand of cotton by Britain and France, and the aggressive cultivation of farmlands in the newer states
Many of the blacks moved in
Chained gangs from plantations and slave markets
Cotton could be cultivated in
Small farms
Why did South believe they needed manufacturing?
Not need dependence from the North
Lag in industrial movement in south because of
Blacks supposed inability to work in factories and gentlemen grew disdain for industrial production
Karl Mark in the communist manifesto stated thag
Without cotton you have no modern industry
James H. Hammond said
You dare not make war with cotton. No power on earth can wage war on it w
What distinguished between a plantation and a farm?
Large labor and staple crops,
The mistress of the plantation
Oversaw the supply and preparation of food and linens, the household snd care of the sick
Mary chestnut complained that
Wives are slaves. They do the domestic activities of the household and managed the slaves
Husbands followed the rule of
Self indulgent hedonism
What sis the yeomen do?
Grew some corn and cotton and traded with their neighbors
Southern farmers were typically
Mobile folk, ever willing to pull up stakes and move west for better lands
They tended to be
Independent and suspicious of federal authority
Yeomen feared that if slaves were freed
They would compete for land
Despite such restrictions, slaves found ways to
Forge networks of community that enabled them to sustain thei rfolk heritage
Most free blacks were
Very poor
Some mulattoes built substantial fortunes
And even became slave owners
Why did the South want to treat their slaves better?
So they could increase the cash value of slaves
Some slaveholders hired wage
Laborers, often Irish i
Immigrants for ditching and other dangerous work
Slaves who,were field hands
Were organized into work gangs, usually supervised by a black driver or white overseer
What was the difference between a good owner or bad owner?
How much they whipped you
Where did escapees run to?
Mexico, the North, or Canada
City life meant that enslaved blacks interacted
Not only with their white owners but also the interracial community
Some slaves in cities were hired out on the condition that they
Paid a percentage of their earned wages to the North. Slaves in North enjoyed greater mobility and freedom
Pregnant slaves were given
More food and less work
One women passed child bearing years, their
Labor increased
Grannies wioild keep,
The children during the day
What were spirituals?
Songs that expressed their frustration at being kept in bondage
What was the main religion of the blacks?
One Supreme God, and lesser deities like Christ and the Holy Ghost
Belief in magic is a common human response to
Conditions of danger or helplessness
