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Chapter 6 Flashcards

0
Q

The Articles of Confederation established a

A

Unicameral congress dominated by state legislatures that appointed its members

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1
Q

What was the critical period?

A

The time the USA was under the Articles of Confederation

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2
Q

What couldn’t the Congress do?

A

Levy taxes, regulate foreign or interstate commerce, pay off nations’ debts, no power to enforce provisions

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3
Q

Who was Robert Morris?

A

Superintendent of finance in the final years of the war, developed a program of taxation and debt management to make the national government more stable

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4
Q

What would the Bank of North America do?

A

Hold government funds, lend money to the government and issue currency

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5
Q

Morris’s program depended on

A

The government having a secure income and it foundered the requirement if unanimous state approval for the amendments of the state constituents

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6
Q

What was the Newburgh Conspiracy?

A

The camp of GW had grown restless, and the officers feared the land grants promised would never be issued.

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7
Q

A delegation of concerned army members traveled to Philly, where they soon found

A

Themselves drawn into a scheme to line up army officers and public creditors with nationalists in Congress and confirmed the states with threats unless they yielded more power to Congress?

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8
Q

What was GW’s reaction to the Newburgh Conspiracy?

A

He sympathized with the Basic purpose of Hamilton’s scheme. But Washington convinced that a military coup would be both dishonorable and dangerous

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9
Q

GW thought that threatening a mutinous coup violated

A

The very purposes of the war and directly challenged its own integrity

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10
Q

Under the Articles of Confederation, land not included within the 13 original states

A

Became public domain, owned and administrated by the national government

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11
Q

Under the land ordinance that Jefferson wrote in 1784,

A

When a territory’s population equaled of the smallest existing state, it would be qualified for statehood?

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12
Q

Land Ordinance of 1785?

A

It outlined a plan for land surveys and sales that would eventually stamp a rectangular pattern on much of the nation’s surface

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13
Q

The terms of 1785 favored

A

Speculators

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14
Q

What was the NW ordinance?

A

At first the territory fell subject to a governor, a secretary, and three judges. Once at 5000 male adults, it could have an assembly

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15
Q

What were the difference between NW ordinance and royal colonies?

A

Once at 60,000 free inhabitants, it could have statehood, secondly they had a bill of rights, and no slavery

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16
Q

The NW ordinance had a larger importance,

A

It represented a sharp break with the imperialistic European expansion, and Western territories. Equals rather than subordinate colonies

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17
Q

The Treaty of Fort Sranwix?

A

The Iroquois were forced to cede land in western New York and Pennsylvania

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18
Q

Treaty of Hopewell?

A

The Cherokees gave up all claims in SC, mush of western NC, and large portions of Kentucky and Tennessee

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19
Q

Commercial agriculture dependent upon trade with foreign makers

A

Collapsed during the war because of the British liberating slaves and British decision to close West Indies from trade

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20
Q

After the war, American ships could not

A

Carry British goods anywhere else

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21
Q

After the war, American

A

Trade flourished because it wasn’t just with Britain

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22
Q

Why were there British forts along the Canadian border?

A

It was justified because America failed to pay their pre war debts

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23
Q

What did the Treaty of Paris guarantee to Tories?

A

Immunity for 12 months so they could return from Canada or Great Britain to wind up their affairs

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24
By the end of 1787, all the states had
Rescinded laws in conflict with the peace treaty
25
The right to send boats and barges down the Mississippi was crucial to the growing American settlements in Kentucky and Tennessee, but
Louisiana Spanish's governor closed the river to American commerce and began to conspire with indians and settlers against the U.S.
26
most people were affected by
economic troubles and the acute currency shortage after the war
27
Steak governments and post special taxes on British vessels and special tariffs on the goods they brought the United States
But it failed to work because of the lack of uniformity among the states
28
Skilled workers want to bury his greatest team from the states tariffs on imports
That competed with their goods
29
Short of cash and other post more economical difficulties gave rise to more immediate demand for
Paper currency for postponement of tax in debt payments and for laws to delay the foreclosure of mortgages
30
What was the main problem with Shays rebellion
Too little paper money and high taxation
31
Shays and his followers saw a more flexible monetary policy
Laws allowing them to use corn and wheat as money in the right postpone paying taxes until the postwar agricultural depression lifted
32
The federal government responded to Shays rebellion
By sending a militia that put down the rebellion as well as a call to revise the articles of confederation
33
Where did the Constitutional convention meet
Philly
34
Patrick Henry who was a foe centralized government
Refused to represent his state
35
The people who attended the Constitutional convention were
Extremely diverse in their occupations but all had experiences in the revolution
36
Benjamin Franklin was able to provide
Wit and commonsense behind the scenes
37
James Madison was the ablest
Political Philosopherin the entire group
38
Eldridge Gerry earned the nickname
Old Grumbletonain does he opposed everything that he didn't propose
39
James Madison emerged as the
Central figure at the convention
40
The conceiving eloquence of James Madison's arguments proved
Decisive
41
On certain fundamentals they generally agreed
That government derives its just powers from the consent of the people that society must be protected from the tyranny of the majority of the people at large must have a voice in the government and that is stronger central government is necessary
42
What was the Virginia plan
That the delicate scrap their instructions to revise The articles of Confederation instead draft a new paper
43
Who was the one who propose separate legislative executive and judicial branches
James Madison
44
The Congress would be divided into two houses
Laura house chosen by the citizens and upper house of senators elected by state legislators
45
It was the New Jersey plan
It's sought out to keep existing structure of equal representation of the states in a unicameral Congress but give Congress the power to levy taxes and regulate commerce in the authority to make an executive and the Supreme Court
46
What was the great compromise
The more Populous states won appointment by the population in the House of Representatives and all states won equality in the Senate
47
According to James Madison the real difference of interest
Lies between the northern and southern states
48
Framers of the Constitution did not even consider the possibility of abolishing slavery
Nor did they view the enslaved people as human beings whose right should be protected by the Constitution
49
What did John Rutledge propose
Religion in humanity have nothing to do with this labor question interest alone is the governing principle of nations
50
Because slaves made up the majority of the population in the southern states
The seven states wanted them to be counted as peoples so that they could have bigger representation in Congress
51
Norners were willing to count slaves for each state's share of taxes
But not representation
52
It's finally compromise that slaves
Would be counted as 3/5 of people
53
Congress cannot prohibit that trans Atlantic slave trade
Before 1808
54
Constitutional delegates found it irrevenant
Talk about the role of Women
55
The Constitution prohibits any future emigrant from
Being president limiting office to a natural born citizen
56
What was the first naturalization law
Denied citizenship to people of African descent
57
The delicates establish that the United States was to be
Representative not literal democracy
58
The new president would have
Vito over acts of Congress subject to being overwritten by two thirds vote in each house commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces and responsible for the execution of the laws make treatiesWith the advice and consent of two thirds of the Senate
59
Chief executive could not
Declare war or peace, could be removed from office by a two thirds vote of the Senate
60
Who were the leading nationalists Constitution
James Madison James Wilson and Alexander Hamilton
61
Before long nearly all the states were choosing
The presidential electors by popular vote and the electors forecasting the votes as they have played them before the election
62
What could the Supreme Court do
Review congressional actions judicial review in cases involving both state and federal laws
63
Although the Constitution extend vast new powers to national government
The delegates miss trust of uncheck power is a parent and repeated examples of countervailing forces
64
Amendments can be proposed either by
Two thirds vote of each vote in the national Congress or buy a convention specially called upon application of two thirds of the state legislators
65
Amendments can be ratified by
Approval of three fourths of the states or in special conventions
66
Who were the federalist
Advocates the new constitution
67
Who were the anti-Federalist
Opponent who favored a more decentralized federal system
68
Yorker Gilbert living stone spoke for many when he called
The debate the greatest transaction of their lives
69
What were the federalist greatest advantages
Their leaders have been members of the Constitutional convention were already familiar with the disputed issues in the document they were not only better prepared but also better organized in on the whole made up more able leaders in the political community
70
Federalist leaders were more likely to be
Young man who Public credit had begun during the revolution
71
View of the constitutional supporters liked it
In it's entirety, but most believe that it was the best document obtainable
72
What was the The Federalist
A collection of essays in New York newspapers that was instigated by Alexander Hamilton James Madison and John J the essays that they need the principle of the supreme national authority while reassuring doubters that people have little to fear about Tyranny
73
Madison argued that the diversity of the expanding United States
Would make it impossible for any single faction to form a majority that could dominate the government
74
Manison contradicted the conventional wisdom of the time
Which insisted that republics can only survive in small homogeneous countries

APUSH (21 decks)

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