Chapter 16 Flashcards
Four out of the seven cabinet members were his rivals:
William Seward at State Department, Salmon P. Chase at Treasury, simon Cameron at war department, Edward Bates as attorney general
What did Lincoln pledge to do while in office?
To not interfere with slavery where it already existed, that no one can lawfully get out of the Union, defend federal forts in the South, collect taxes, and there will be no invasion, and no force against or among the people
The cabinet had good abilities but
They were so strong minded that they thought themselves to be better quality
One such challenge was to hold
A diverse coalition of Republicans together amid the civil war
At Fort Sumner, the Union
Lincoln believed that giving up Fort Sumter would give up the Union, so he ordered a resupply rather than a retreat
Jefferson Davis and most of his cabinet (not Robert Tooms) decided to oppose the resupply and
Pierce G.T Beauregard kept battering them until Robert Anderson raised the flag
The fall of Fort Sumter ignited a
Wave of bravado across the Confederate states
What did Lincoln order after Sumter
Naval blockade of southern ports, which led to a shortage of of southern commodities and food. Led to a rise in price in the Confederacy
Many southerners argue that the Civil War was fought on
Behalf of states’ rights rather than slavery. Therefore they had the right to secede. And that the north was discriminated their region
What was the real reason that the Confederates seceded?
To preserve slavery
Which states joined the Confederacy after Fort Sumter?
Arkansas, Tennessee, North Carolina, and Virginia
All four of the holdout states
Had areas where slavery was scarce and Union support was rather strong
Union army from Ohio led by George McClellan, organized
A loyal government to form West Virginia
Many sotuhereners decided to
Remain loyal to the Union by fighting for them
The Union had a
4:1 to ratio with people
What were the Union’s advantages?
Had 93% of manufactured goods, 97% of railroads, and 96% of the railroad equipment
The Union had more
Wagons, horses, and ships than the Confederacy and railroads
What were the advantages to the South?
Fighting a defensive battle, more experienced military leaders,
Federal gunboats and transports played an even more direct role for securing
The Mississippi and its larger tributaries. Easy invasion of the Confederacy
What happened in the First Battle of Bull Run?
General Beauregard hurried the main Confederate army to the railroad center at Manassas, Virginia. General Irwin McDowell quickly marched to Richmond. Their strategies were to turn the other’s left flank. Joseph E. Johnston poured in to check the Union offensive. Union retreated p, and Confederates failed to give chase. Indicated a long and costly struggle
What was the anaconda strategy?
Extort constant pressure at Richmond, navy would blockade southern ports and divide the Confederacy by invading the South along the Mississippi, Tennessee, and Cumberland Rivers
What was Jefferson Davis’ strategy?
Stalemate the Union forces and hope that the cotton hungry British or French might join their cause or public sentiment in the North would force Lincoln to seek a negotiated settlement
Why did the British prime minster refused to meet the Confederates again?
Union pressure and British self interest
What threatened British neutrality?
A Union ship stooped the Trent, where they found two Confederate agents, James Mason and John Slidell. British demanded their releases. They were more useful as martyrs to their own cause
In 1862, a law was passed
With all white male citizens aged 18-35 were declared members of the army for three years
The Confederate conscription had two loopholes-
A draftee might escape service either by providing an able bodied substitute or by paying 500. Exemptions, designed to protect key civilian work, were subject to abuse by seeking bombproof jobs
How Did the Union get people to service?
By drafting able bodied men from 20-45. Exemptions were granted to specified federal and state officeholders and to others on medical or compassionate grounds. 300 to avoid service
Many African Americans did what during the outbreak of the war?
Run away, sabotage, join the Union, or pursue their own interests
Grenville Dodge did what
Armed 1000 male slaves to form the 1st Alabama Infantry Regiment of African descent
The most intense fighting in the West occurred
Along the Kansas Missouri border
