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Microbiology And Immunology 2 > Unit 1 - Feline Viral Diseases > Flashcards

Unit 1 - Feline Viral Diseases Flashcards

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0
Q

What family is Panleukopenia in

A

Parvoviridae

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1
Q

What are the seven feline viral diseases

A

Panleukopenia, rhinotracheitis, calici virus, feline Corona virus/FIP, feline leukemia virus, feline immunodeficiency virus, rabies

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2
Q

Describe the structure of the Panleukopenia virus

A

Non-envelope DNA virus

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3
Q

How long can panleukopenia survive in the environment

A

For years on contaminated surfaces. Extremely stable virus

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4
Q

What can Panleukopenia cause in kittens

A

Severe acute gastroenteritis and leukopenia

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5
Q

Who are the most susceptible for panleukopenia

A

2 to 6 months of age cats

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6
Q

Describe the mortality rate for panleukopenia in kittens

A

Very high mortality rate. Can also kill susceptible older cats

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7
Q

Describe the incubation period for Panleukopenia

A

Five days

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8
Q

What is the route of infection for panleukopenia

A

Oral route

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9
Q

What happens if a mother is infected with panleukopenia in utero infection in first trimester

A

Abortion and fetal death

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10
Q

Describe what happens if a mother is affected with panleukopenia in second and third trimester

A

Cerebellar hypoplasia. Versus myocarditis for puppies

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11
Q

How is Panleukopenia transmitted

A

Virus is shed on all body secretions but primarily feces and can be transmitted in utero

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12
Q

What are the clinical signs of panleukopenia

A

Lethargy, dehydration, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, turgid intestines, fever, hypothermia

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13
Q

What are the clinical signs if a kitten is infected in utero or neonatally

A

Ataxia, hypermetria, incoordination. The signs persist for life but are not progressive

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14
Q

What is the treatment for Panleukopenia

A

Hospitalization with aggressive supportive treatment. IV fluids, antibiotics, antiemetics antacids

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15
Q

How do you prevent Panleukopenia

A

Disinfection of cages, floors, food and water dishes with bleach. Vaccination

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16
Q

What causes feline upper respiratory infection

A

A complex of viral and bacterial agents. Sneezing nasal congestion and nasal discharge. Herpes virus, calici virus, Bordetella bronchiseptica, chlamydia Felis, mycoplasma

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17
Q

What family is rhino in

A

Herpesviridae

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18
Q

Describe the structure of the rhinovirus

A

Envelope dna virus. Latent infection possible

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19
Q

Which cats do rhinotracheitis infect

A

Cats of all ages but mostly kittens. Can also in fact many exotic cats.

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20
Q

What does rhinotracheitis cause

A

Acute upper respiratory tract infection. Very widespread in the cat population

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21
Q

What Is the incubation period for rhinotracheitis

A

2 to 6 days

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22
Q

What is the route of infection for the rhinotracheitis virus

A

Oral, intranasal or conjunctival exposure

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23
Q

What is the pathogenesis of the rhinotracheitis virus

A

Attacks epithelial cells and causes necrosis of the upper respiratory tract and ocular epithelia. Pulmonary involvement is rare. All cats infected become chronic carriers

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24
Q

What are the clinical signs of the rhinotracheitis virus

A

Sneezing, Serous to micro purulent nasal discharge. Turbinate distruction might be permanent and lead to chronic sinusitis. Possible ulcerative keratitis, occasional oral ulcers. Possible anorexia

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25
Q

What can happen if kittens under four weeks of age get rhinotracheitis

A

Can be fatal.

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26
Q

What happens if pregnant queens get rhinotracheitis

A

Can abort or have severe infections in neonates

27
Q

What is the treatment for rhinotracheitis

A

Frequent cleaning of eyes a nose. IV fluid antibiotics antivirals appetite stimulants nebulization reducing stress

28
Q

What family is the calici virus in

A

Caliciviridae

29
Q

Describe the structure of the calici virus

A

Non-envelopes are in a virus. Many different strains of variable degrees of Virulence

30
Q

What is calici virus cause

A

Common viral respiratory disease of domestic and exotic cats. Highly contagious. Common in multi-cat household and breeding catteries

31
Q

Who’s susceptible to the calici virus

A

Cats of any age but young kittens more susceptible. High morbidity and mortality can reach 30% in young kittens. Prognosis is excellent in older kittens unless severe pneumonia develops

32
Q

What is the incubation period for calici virus

A

2-6 days

33
Q

What are the three forms of calici virus

A

Pneumotropic
Rheumatic
Virulent systemic

34
Q

Describe the pneumotropic form of calici virus

A

Affect the upper respiratory tract and rarely of the lower respiratory tract

35
Q

Describe the rheumatic form of the calici virus

A

Joint pain and lameness in kittens

36
Q

Describe the Virulent systemic form of calici virus

A

Severe clinical signs in adults

37
Q

Describe the route of infection for calici virus

A

Ingestion

38
Q

What is the dessemination of the calici virus

A

Replication and oropharyngeal tissues. Spreads primarily to epithelium of conjunctiva, nose and oral cavity. Causes rapid cytolysis of infected cells.

39
Q

What are the clinical signs of calicivirus

A

Anorexia, dehydration, fever, conjunctivitis, oral discharge, blepharospasms, chemosis, ulcers on tongue, dyspnea

40
Q

What is the treatment for calici virus

A

Clean eyes and nose, supportive treatment if anorexic, antibiotics, ophthalmic antibiotics

41
Q

Describe the transmission for calici virus

A

Cat to cat contact, virus shed and high amounts and affected cats. Recovered cats can be persistently infected and shed smaller quantities of virus in their saliva

42
Q

How do you prevent calici virus

A

Isolation, disinfection, vaccination

43
Q

What family does the corona virus belong to

A

Corona Viridae

44
Q

Describe the structure of the coronavirus

A

Enveloped RNA virus

45
Q

What can the coronavirus cause

A

Feeling Coronaviral enteritis, feline infectious peritonitis

46
Q

Describe feline coronal viral enteritis

A

Mild, self-limiting diarrhea. Transmitted mainly by fecal oral route or through saliva. Can also be transmitted intraplacental. No vaccinations

47
Q

Describe feline infectious peritonitis

A

Occur sporadically. Chronic debilitating disease. Usually fatal with mortality near hundred percent. In vivo mutation transforms the low Verelint introduced into the aggressive lethal virus. More common in cats six months to two years of age and more common in males

48
Q

Describe the pathogenesis for FIP

A

FIP virus replicates in the upper respiratory tract. Viruses taken up by the micro fighters and transported throughout the body. Replication of perivascular sites cause nodules and liver spleen lungs etc. lesions also appear in Pericarditis

49
Q

What are the two forms of FIP

A

Wet form (effusive) and dry form (non effusive). Host immune status determines the pathogenesis and clinical outcome

50
Q

What are the clinical signs for the wet form of FIP

A

Abdominal distention with ascites, pleural effusion, muffled heart sounds, abdominal masses

51
Q

What are the clinical signs for the dry form of FIP

A

Uveitis, ataxia, personality changes, seizures, abdominal masses

52
Q

What is the treatment for FIP

A

Incurable. Wet form will die within two months. Dry form have chronic disease but fatal

53
Q

What family is the feline leukemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus part of

A

Retrovirudae

54
Q

Describe the structure of the retroviruses

A

Enveloped RNA virus

55
Q

What does leukemia result in

A

Immunosuppression myelosuppression and neoplasia. Cats under one year more susceptible. Outdoor cats are more at risk. And males are more at risk than females

56
Q

What’s the route of infection for feline leukemia

A

Oral and nasal cavities

57
Q

Describe the dissemination for feline leukemia

A

Virus replicates an oral pharyngeal lymphoid tissues. Cats can moat a few full immune response on the limited the infection or have an ineffective at me and response and become very manic. Once premier occurs the virus replicates and other lymphoid tissues and bone marrow. Latent infection may be reactivated after stress

58
Q

What are the clinical signs of feline leukemia virus

A

Anemia, weight loss, anorexia, diarrhea, respiratory distress, liver and kidney disease, lymphoma

59
Q

What’s the treatment for feline leukemia cats

A

No treatment if no clinical signs. Antibiotics, blood transfusion, chemotherapy. Leukemia positive cats can live for several years

60
Q

How is the feline leukemia virus transmitted

A

Through saliva, can also be transmitted through blood and transplacentally. Mutual grooming, same food and water bowls

61
Q

Who is at risk for the feline immunodeficiency virus

A

All feelings. Male cats are two times more likely than females. Stray intact adult male cats are at higher risk.

62
Q

Describe the acute phase of the feline immunodeficiency virus

A

Viral replication and salivary gland, lymph nodes, Simons. Last days to a few weeks. May cause fever and lethargic

63
Q

Describe the clinically latent phase of feeling immunodeficiency virus

A

Immune system contains but does not eliminate the virus, no clinical signs, cats are transmitting virus through bite and blood, lasts months to several years

64
Q

Describe the terminal phase of feeling immunodeficiency virus

A

Viral replication overwhelms the immune system. Immune deficiency causes opportunistic infections and neoplasia

65
Q

How is feline immunodeficiency virus transmitted

A

Cat bites. Through bite wounds and blood contamination. Also transmitted through colostrum

Microbiology And Immunology 2 (23 decks)

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