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Microbiology And Immunology 2 > Unit 1 - Canine Viral Diseases > Flashcards

Unit 1 - Canine Viral Diseases Flashcards

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0
Q

What is the family name for canine distemper

A

Paramyxoviridae

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1
Q

What are the seven canine viral diseases

A

Distemper, adenovirus, para influenza, parvovirus, coronavirus, papilloma virus, rabies

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2
Q

Describe the structure of the canine distemper virus

A

Enveloped RNA virus

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3
Q

What symptom manifestations does distemper cause

A

Respiratory, gastrointestinal, central nervous system

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4
Q

What is the host range for distemper

A

Dogs, wolves, foxes, ferrets, raccoons, skunks, lion

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5
Q

How is the morbidity and mortality in dogs

A

High morbidity and mortality . 50% mortality and unvaccinated dogs

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6
Q

Which age range is more susceptible to distemper

A

3 to 6 months more susceptible

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7
Q

What is the incubation period for distemper

A

3 to 8 days

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8
Q

Describe the route of infection for distemper

A

Inhaled droplets of infected secretions

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9
Q

Describe the dissemination of distemper

A

Macrophages carry the virus to local lymph nodes and then the virus spreads via viremia to respiratory, gastrointestinal, urogenital tract and central nervous system

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10
Q

What are the non-neurological signs of distemper

A

Fever, anorexia, nasal and ocular thick discharge, coughing, vomiting, diarrhea

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11
Q

What are the neurological signs of distemper

A

Seizures, circling, ataxia, paralysis

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12
Q

What happens to dogs that survive distemper

A

They often have lifelong nervous system complications

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13
Q

How do you treat distemper

A

Supportive care, IV fluid, antibiotics, anticonvulsive, analgesic

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14
Q

How long do infected dogs with distemper shed the virus for

A

Several months

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15
Q

How do you prevent canine distemper

A

Vaccination, prevent contact with wildlife, disinfection, isolation of infected puppies

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16
Q

What is the family of the canine adenovirus

A

Adenoviridae

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17
Q

Describe the structure of the canine adenovirus

A

Non-envelope DNA virus

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18
Q

What is type one canine adenovirus

A

Infectious hepatitis

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19
Q

What is type two canine adenovirus

A

Respiratory infection

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20
Q

What can canine adenovirus one infect

A

Foxes, wolves, coyotes, skunks, bears

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21
Q

What can canine adenovirus one cause

A

Acute or chronic hepatitis

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22
Q

In which age range is the at T9 adenovirus most common

A

Dogs less than one year of age

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23
Q

What is the incubation period for the acute disease version of K9 adenovirus one

A

4 to 9 days

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24
Q

What is the route of infection for canine adenovirus one

A

Oro nasal

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25
Q

What is the dissemination for canine adenovirus one

A

Virus replicates in tonsils then the following viremia there is viral replication in the liver, kidney, spleen, lungs

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26
Q

What are the clinical signs for canine adenovirus one

A

Most cases are asymptomatic. Can have peracute, acute or mild disease

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27
Q

Describe the clinical signs for the acute disease

A

Fever, anorexia, Lethargy, vomiting, diarrhea, hepatomegaly, abdominal pain

28
Q

What will 20% of dogs get when they get infected with canine adenovirus one

A

Anterior uveitis and corneal edema. hepatitis Blueeye

29
Q

How do you treat canine adenovirus one

A

Fluid therapy, antibiotics, antiemetics, antiacids

30
Q

How is canine adenovirus one transmitted

A

Through feces and saliva. Once were covered dogs we should the virus in their urine for several months

31
Q

How do you prevent canine adenovirus one

A

Vaccination

32
Q

Describe canine adenovirus two

A

Mild respiratory disease. Causes tonsillitis, pharyngitis, bronchitis, bronchopneumonia. Involved in the tracheobronchitis infection kennel cough

33
Q

What is the family for para influenza

A

Paramyxoviridae

34
Q

Describe para influenza

A

Highly contagious upper respiratory tract infection which is an important cause of tracheobronchitis. Usually does not cause a severe disease but to make the dog more susceptible to secondary bacterial and viral infections

35
Q

What is infectious tracheobronchitis

A

Highly contagious, acute disease that is localized in the airways. Can be caused by one or more infectious agents such as canine adenovirus two, para influenza virus, Bordetella bronchiseptica

36
Q

What are the clinical signs of infection is tracheobronchitis

A

Sudden onset of severe productive or nonproductive cough. Cough is worse worse with exercise, excitement, pressure on the neck from collar. Trachea palpation induces cough on GPE. Can also have gagging, retching or nasal discharge

37
Q

What is the treatment for infectious tracheal bronchitis

A

In most dogs the diseases self-limiting with resolution of clinical signs into weeks. Rest for 7 to 14 days to limit constant irritation of airways caused by coughing. Cough suppressant’s or antibiotics may be prescribed if the condition persists

38
Q

How do you prevent infections tracheobronchitis

A

Isolate sick animals. If it’s at a kennel evacuate the kennel for 1 to 2 weeks and disinfect

39
Q

What is the family for parvovirus

A

Parvoviridae

40
Q

Describe the structure of the parvovirus

A

Non-envelope DNA virus

41
Q

Describe canine parvovirus type two

A

Has two strains type a and type B.

42
Q

What can canine parvovirus type two infect

A

Dogs, wolves, coyotes

43
Q

What are the risk factors for canine parvovirus type two

A

Season. More likely in the summer months. If a Rottweiler, Doberman, pitbull, Labrador retriever. If six weeks to six months old. If not vaccinated

44
Q

What is the route of infection for parvovirus

A

Fecal to oral

45
Q

What is the initial replication cycle of parvovirus

A

The laryngeal tissues, virus is spread to other tissues and organs by the bloodstream. Infects and destroys rapidly dividing cells

46
Q

What happens if parvovirus destroys the precursor cells of white blood cells

A

Leukopenia

47
Q

What happens if parvovirus destroys the intestinal crypt cells

A

Shortened villi, malabsorption, diarrhea

48
Q

What happens if a neonatal puppy is infected with parvovirus

A

Results in myocarditis and death. Some puppies may survive but with a lifelong cardiac condition

49
Q

What is the incubation period for parvovirus

A

4 to 14 days

50
Q

What are the clinical signs of parvovirus

A

Anorexia, vomiting, hemorrhagic diarrhea, weight loss, Lethargy. Severe disease results in sepsis. Can be fatal

51
Q

What is the treatment for parvovirus

A

Hospitalization with aggressive supportive treatment, IV fluids, antibiotics, anti-vomiting, anti-acid, analgesic

52
Q

What happens if an animal survives parvovirus

A

Lifelong immunity after natural infection

53
Q

Describe the transmission of parvovirus

A

Virus is shed and high amounts in feces one clinical signs are present. Virus may also be shed after late into incubation period for a limited time after recovery. 2 to 3 weeks. Direct contact with contaminated stool surfaces bulls collars and leashes. Flies can carry contaminated fecal matter to food bowls. Spread by Hans and clothing of people in contact with affected dogs

54
Q

How long can parvovirus stay in the soil

A

Months

55
Q

How do you prevent and control parvovirus

A

Isolation of sick animals, gloves and protective clothing, disinfection, vaccination

56
Q

What is the family of the coronavirus

A

Coronaviridae

57
Q

Describe the structure of a coronavirus

A

Envelope RNA virus

58
Q

What is the root of infection for the coronavirus

A

Fecal to oral

59
Q

What is the pathogenesis of the coronavirus

A

Affects the epithelial cells of the intestinal villi but not the crypt cells

60
Q

What are the clinical signs of the coronavirus

A

Mild gastroenteritis, anorexia, Lethargy

61
Q

What is the transmission for the coronavirus

A

Virus is shed in feces for two weeks

62
Q

What is the incubation period for the coronavirus

A

1 to 3 days

63
Q

What is the treatment for coronavirus

A

Most dogs recover without treatment. Some patients may need supportive care

64
Q

How do you prevent and control coronavirus

A

Strict sanitation and isolation protocols, vaccine is available but controversial

65
Q

What family is the papilloma virus in

A

Papillomaviridae

66
Q

Describe the structure of a papilloma virus

A

Non-envelope DNA virus

67
Q

Describe the thing that special about the Papilloma virus

A

Highly host specific and tissue restricted. Virus can only affect terminally differentiated cells like skin cells. Stimulates cell hyperplasia. Infected tissue forms benign tumors. Canine papillomas occurred on the lips and in the mouth of young dogs

68
Q

How do you transmit the Papilloma virus

A

Close contact

Microbiology And Immunology 2 (23 decks)

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