Ultrasound-Guided Interventional Techniques/Non Cardiac Chest Flashcards
A major advantage of ultrasound guidance is the continuous real-time visualization of the biopsy needle allows:
Adjustments the needle as needed during the procedure
_______ may obscure a mass
Bowel gas
The most common indication for a biopsy:
To confirm malignancy
An important lab test to review prior to procedure:
PTT(Partial Thromboplastin Time): bleeding time
Needle gauge corresponds to the:
Size/diameter
Needle size: Higher number=
Smaller diameter
A core biopsy uses an automated, spring loaded device called a:
Biopsy gun
Used to guide needle placement to drain/obtain samples from as cites or pleural effusions
Paracentesis/thoracentesis
Drainage of fluid/abscess collections is usually performed with/without a needle guide?
With
Paracentesis/thoracentesis is usually performed with/without a needle guide?
Without
Technique that doesn’t use a needle guide
Free hand technique
Free hand technique is usually used for draining:
- ascites
- pleural fluid
- superficial lesions
Benefit of using needle guide:
-faster placement of needle
Looks at slides to determine if material/sample is diagnostic
Cytopathologist
Benefits of having a cytopathologist:
- more successful procedures
- decrease # of passes
- reduced procedure time
Minor biopsy complications:
- postprocedural pain/discomfort
- vasovagal reactions(pale, nausea, fainting)
- hematoma
Rare, serious biopsy complications:
- bleeding/hemorrhage
- pneumothorax
- pancreatitis
- biliary leakage
- infection
- death
Technology that allows side-by-side comparison and superimposition of 2 image sets:
Fusion technology
Tip of the needle should appear:
Echogenic
Tricks to see the needle:
- move needle up/down
- bob or juggle stylet
- use harmonics or compound imaging
Fluid accumulation around the lung
Pleural effusion
_____ should be evaluated for signs of pleural effusion
Lower chest
Pleural effusion: Complex fluid is a sign of—
Malignancy, infection, or blood
Pleural effusion is classified as _____ or ______
- Transudative
2. Exudative
pressure infiltration caused by increased hydrostatic pressure, typically from heart, liver, or renal failure
Transudative pleural effusion
inflammation caused by pneumonia, cancer, or pulmonary embolism(PE)
Exudative pleural effusion
Treatment of pleural effusion that determines the origin/cause of the fluid, or used for therapeutic reasons/pain relief
Thoracentesis
Patient position for thoracentesis:
Upright
For a thoracentesis, the fluid is accessed:
Posteriorly and between the ribs
Thoracentesis: not to exceed ___ per day
1.5 liters
Complication of thoracentesis: collapsed lung
Pneumothorax
Pneumothorax occurs when:
Air leaks into the space between lung and chest wall
Sonographically, a pneumothorax will show absence of _____
Lung sliding/gliding
Treatment for pneumothorax:
Chest tube
Fluid around the heart
Pericardial effusion
Replacement of normal air-filled alveoli with fluid, inflammation, pus, blood, neoplastic cells
Lung consolidation
Pneumothorax is diagnosed by:
Chest x-ray(CXR)
