Superficial Structures Flashcards
2 layers that are indistinguishable and appear as hyperechoic linear structures
Epidermis and dermis
Hypoechoic layer, scattered hyperechoic septations/linear echoes
Subcutaneous layer
Hyperechoic layer of varying thickness
Fascia
Found in scalp, face, neck, trunk, or back. Results from obstructed hair follicle, congenital, or trauma.
Superficial Epidermal Cyst/ Epidermal Inclusion Cyst/ epidermoid cyst/ sebaceous cyst
Sebaceous cyst sonographic appearance:
Varies…pseudotestis
Most common tumor of hand/wrist
Ganglion cyst
Typically found in dorsal aspect of hand/wrist
Ganglion cyst
Aka “bible bump”
Ganglion cyst
Ganglion cyst sonographic features
Non-compressible, anechoic, acoustic enhancement, may contain debris/septations
Benign, fatty tumor—usually asymptomatic
Lipoma
Lipoma sonographic features
Oval, compressible, typically isoechoic to surrounding fat
Benign, comprised of vascular channels. typically asymptomatic, red colored, raised mass on skin.
Hemangioma
Superficial hemangiomas appear
Hypoechoic
Aka popliteal cyst
Bakers cyst
Bakers cyst symptoms may mimic ___
Dvt
Due to weakening in the joint capsule of the knee—synovial fluid collection in popliteal fossa
Bakers cyst
Found in gluteal cleft, fingers, or toes. May become infected and develop into an abscess
Pilonidal cyst
“Nest of hair”—made of loose hair and skin debris
Pilonidal cyst
Sonographic features of pilonidal cyst
Complex mass, hyperemia, hypoechoic tract extends from cyst to surface of skin
2nd most common tumor of hand/wrist
Giant cell tumor
Cystic-appearing mass w/out enhancement
Giant cell tumor
Infection and inflammation of skin and subcutaneous tissue
Cellulitis
Cellulitis is caused by
Staph & strep
Sonographic features of cellulitis
Cobblestone appearance
Bullets, shrapnel, metallic objects may cause _____ or ______ artifact
Reverb or ring-down
