Superficial Structures

Question 1

2 layers that are indistinguishable and appear as hyperechoic linear structures

Answer 1

Epidermis and dermis

Question 2

Hypoechoic layer, scattered hyperechoic septations/linear echoes

Answer 2

Subcutaneous layer

Question 3

Hyperechoic layer of varying thickness

Answer 3

Fascia

Question 4

Found in scalp, face, neck, trunk, or back. Results from obstructed hair follicle, congenital, or trauma.

Answer 4

Superficial Epidermal Cyst/ Epidermal Inclusion Cyst/ epidermoid cyst/ sebaceous cyst

Question 5

Sebaceous cyst sonographic appearance:

Answer 5

Varies…pseudotestis

Question 6

Most common tumor of hand/wrist

Answer 6

Ganglion cyst

Question 7

Typically found in dorsal aspect of hand/wrist

Answer 7

Ganglion cyst

Question 8

Aka “bible bump”

Answer 8

Ganglion cyst

Question 9

Ganglion cyst sonographic features

Answer 9

Non-compressible, anechoic, acoustic enhancement, may contain debris/septations

Question 10

Benign, fatty tumor—usually asymptomatic

Answer 10

Lipoma

Question 11

Lipoma sonographic features

Answer 11

Oval, compressible, typically isoechoic to surrounding fat

Question 12

Benign, comprised of vascular channels. typically asymptomatic, red colored, raised mass on skin.

Answer 12

Hemangioma

Question 13

Superficial hemangiomas appear

Answer 13

Hypoechoic

Question 14

Aka popliteal cyst

Answer 14

Bakers cyst

Question 15

Bakers cyst symptoms may mimic ___

Answer 15

Dvt

Question 16

Due to weakening in the joint capsule of the knee—synovial fluid collection in popliteal fossa

Answer 16

Bakers cyst

Question 17

Found in gluteal cleft, fingers, or toes. May become infected and develop into an abscess

Answer 17

Pilonidal cyst

Question 18

“Nest of hair”—made of loose hair and skin debris

Answer 18

Pilonidal cyst

Question 19

Sonographic features of pilonidal cyst

Answer 19

Complex mass, hyperemia, hypoechoic tract extends from cyst to surface of skin

Question 20

2nd most common tumor of hand/wrist

Answer 20

Giant cell tumor

Question 21

Cystic-appearing mass w/out enhancement

Answer 21

Giant cell tumor

Question 22

Infection and inflammation of skin and subcutaneous tissue

Answer 22

Cellulitis

Question 23

Cellulitis is caused by

Answer 23

Staph & strep

Question 24

Sonographic features of cellulitis

Answer 24

Cobblestone appearance

Question 25

Bullets, shrapnel, metallic objects may cause _____ or ______ artifact

Answer 25

Reverb or ring-down