Chapter 19 Emergent Ultrasound Procedures

Question 1

Used to sample intraperitoneal space for evidence of damage to viscera and blood vessels

Answer 1

Peritoneal lavage

Question 2

Limited examination of abdomen/pelvis to evaluate free fluid/pericardial fluid

Answer 2

FAST scan

Focus
Assessment with
Sonography for
Trauma

Question 3

FAST scan, where do they look?

Answer 3

• perihepatic(Morrison’s pouch)
• perisplenic(splenorenal recess)
• parabolic gutters
• cul de sac
• pericardium

Question 4

FAST exam takes ____ minutes

Answer 4

4 minutes

Question 5

Bloody fluid In abdomen

Answer 5

Hemoperitoneum

Question 6

Most common areas for fluid/blood to collect:

Answer 6

Subhepatic space and pelvis

Question 7

Hematomas and localized lacerations initially appear:

Answer 7

Hypoechoic, low-level echoes

Question 8

Hematomas and localized lacerations appear _____ as blood begins to coagulate

Answer 8

Echogenic

Question 9

Hematomas and localized lacerations over time appear:

Answer 9

Anechoic due to hemolysis(destruction of RBC)

Question 10

Epigastric pain radiating to the back is consistent with:

Answer 10

Pancreatitis

Question 11

Pancreatitis will initially have elevated _____

Answer 11

Amylase

Question 12

Pancreatitis will later have elevated ___

Answer 12

Lipase

Question 13

Pancreatitis sonographically:

Answer 13

Irregular borders, increased vascularity, Normal to edematous hypoechoic texture

Question 14

Abdominal/chest pain radiating to the back is consistent with:

Answer 14

Aortic aneurysm/dissection

Question 15

Sonographic findings for aortic aneurysms/dissection:

Answer 15

• false lumen
• intimal flap
• most are ascending

Question 16

With aortic aneurysms/dissection, you must document the location of aneurysm to renal veins/arteries because:

Answer 16

This determines treatment

Question 17

aortic aneurysms/dissection clinical signs:

Answer 17

Syncope
Hypotension
Abdominal/chest pain radiating to back

Question 18

Most common cause of abdominal aortic dissection:

Answer 18

Hypertension(70-90%)

Question 19

cause of abdominal aortic dissection: 16% of the time

Answer 19

Marfan syndrome

Question 20

Urolithiasis: hematuria presents in ____% of cases

Answer 20

85%

Question 21

Scrotal rupture sonographic findings:

Answer 21

• scrotal wall thickening
• interruption of outer layer(tunica albuginea
• irregular contour

Question 22

4-6 hours after testicular torsion, testis appear:

Answer 22

Swollen and hypoechoic

Question 23

24 hours after testicular torsion, testis appear:

Answer 23

Heterogeneous due to hemorrhage