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Small Parts/specialized > Thyroid > Flashcards

Thyroid Flashcards

1
Q

The thyroid is connected by the

A

Isthmus

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2
Q

The thyroid is bounded _____ by carotid arteries and jugular veins

A

Laterally

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3
Q

Normal adult thyroid length

A

40-60 mm

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4
Q

Normal adult thyroid width

A

15-20mm

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5
Q

Measurement of the isthmus greater than ____ indicates an enlarged thyroid

A

10mm

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6
Q

Strap muscles include

A

Sternothyroid, sternohyoid, omohyoid

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7
Q

The strap muscles are located

A

Anteriorly

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8
Q

Larger oval band that lies anterior lateral to the thyroid gland

A

Sternocleidomastoid

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9
Q

The longus colli muscle lies ____to the thyroid lobe’s

A

Posterior lateral

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10
Q

The esophagus may be found to the ____ of the trachea

A

Left

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11
Q

Thyroid hormone that is the most released

A

T4

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12
Q

When thyroid hormone is needed by the body it is released into the bloodstream by action of

A

TSH

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13
Q

TSH is produced by the

A

Pituitary gland

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14
Q

Most common thyroid disorder

A

Hypothyroidism

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15
Q

True or false: hypothyroidism causes cold intolerance

A

True

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16
Q

Hypothyroidism is most often caused by

A

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

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17
Q

Clinical sign that is protruding eyes

A

Exophthalmus

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18
Q

TSH levels in a patient with hyperthyroidism will be

A

Low

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19
Q

TSH levels in a patient with hypothyroidism will be

A

High

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20
Q

______ of nodular disease is due to hyperplasia

A

80%

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21
Q

Most common thyroid abnormality

A

Goiter/nodule

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22
Q

Goiter/nodule is caused by

A

Iodine deficiency

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23
Q

Toxic goiter results from _____ of the thyroid gland

A

Hyperactivity

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24
Q

Non-toxic: ____ associated with thyroid disfunction

A

Is not

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25
Q

Thyroid neoplasm characterized by complete fibrous encapsulation

A

Adenoma

26
Q

Commonly has a periphery halo

A

Adenoma

27
Q

Carcinoma of the thyroid is

A

Rare

28
Q

Risk of malignancy _____ with presence of multiple nodules

A

Decreases

29
Q

Solitary thyroid nodule in the presence of cervical adenopathy on same side suggests

A

Malignancy

30
Q

Malignant lesions are usually ____ relative to normal thyroid

A

Hypoechoic

31
Q

Calcifications are present in _____ of all types of thyroid carcinoma

A

50-80%

32
Q

Most common thyroid malignancy

A

Papillary carcinoma

33
Q

Associated with neck/upper chest radiation

A

Papillary carcinoma

34
Q

Females are affected three times more than males in

A

Papillary carcinoma

35
Q

Second most common thyroid cancer

A

Follicular carcinoma

36
Q

Not associated with neck and upper chest radiation

A

Follicular carcinoma

37
Q

Carcinoma with irrregular margins and thick irregular Halo

A

Follicular carcinoma

38
Q

Third most common malignancy

A

Medullary carcinoma

39
Q

Derived from C cells of thyroid tissue that secrete calcitonin and accounts for 5% of thyroid cancer’s

A

Medullary carcinoma

40
Q

Associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia(MEN) type two syndrome

A

Medullary carcinoma

41
Q

Least common malignancy

A

Anaplastic carcinoma

42
Q

Lymphoma and thyroid primarily is

A

Non Hodgkins

43
Q

Graves disease occurs more frequently in women over

A

30

44
Q

Increased vascularity and Graves’ disease is known as ____

A

Thyroid inferno

45
Q

Caused by a viral infection of the thyroid

A

Subacute (de Quervains) thyroiditis

46
Q

Most common form of thyroiditis

A

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

47
Q

Normal size of the parathyroid gland

A

5 x 3 x 1 mm

48
Q

When serum calcium level decreases, parathyroid glands are stimulated to release

A

PTH

49
Q

Parathyroid glands are ______ sensing organs in the body

A

Calcium

50
Q

Most common referral for parathyroid sonography

A

Unexplained hypercalcemia

51
Q

Elevated serum calcium levels can lead to renal stones, ulcers, bone pain and may be associated with chronic renal failure and vitamin D deficiency this also is associated with

A

Secondary hyperparathyroidism

52
Q

Most common type of hyperparathyroidism

A

Primary hyperparathyroidism

53
Q

Most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism

A

Parathyroid adenoma

54
Q

In primary hyperparathyroidism lab values will be

A

Increased PTH and serum calcium

55
Q

Parathyroid adenoma causes __ percent of primary hyperparathyroidism

A

80%

56
Q

Parathyroid over __ is classified as enlarged

A

1cm

57
Q

Chronic hypocalcemia caused by renal failure, vitamin D deficiency, or malabsorption syndrome’s causes

A

Secondary hyperparathyroidism

58
Q

Congenital anomalies that appear in midline of neck anterior to trachea

A

Thyroglossal duct cyst

59
Q

Cystic formations usually located lateral to thyroid gland

A

Branchial cleft cyst

60
Q

The more ___ the node, the more likely malignant

A

Rounded

Small Parts/specialized (15 decks)

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