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Thyroid Flashcards

1
Q

The thyroid is connected by the

A

Isthmus

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2
Q

The thyroid is bounded _____ by carotid arteries and jugular veins

A

Laterally

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3
Q

Normal adult thyroid length

A

40-60 mm

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4
Q

Normal adult thyroid width

A

15-20mm

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5
Q

Measurement of the isthmus greater than ____ indicates an enlarged thyroid

A

10mm

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6
Q

Strap muscles include

A

Sternothyroid, sternohyoid, omohyoid

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7
Q

The strap muscles are located

A

Anteriorly

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8
Q

Larger oval band that lies anterior lateral to the thyroid gland

A

Sternocleidomastoid

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9
Q

The longus colli muscle lies ____to the thyroid lobe’s

A

Posterior lateral

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10
Q

The esophagus may be found to the ____ of the trachea

A

Left

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11
Q

Thyroid hormone that is the most released

A

T4

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12
Q

When thyroid hormone is needed by the body it is released into the bloodstream by action of

A

TSH

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13
Q

TSH is produced by the

A

Pituitary gland

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14
Q

Most common thyroid disorder

A

Hypothyroidism

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15
Q

True or false: hypothyroidism causes cold intolerance

A

True

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16
Q

Hypothyroidism is most often caused by

A

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

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17
Q

Clinical sign that is protruding eyes

A

Exophthalmus

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18
Q

TSH levels in a patient with hyperthyroidism will be

A

Low

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19
Q

TSH levels in a patient with hypothyroidism will be

A

High

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20
Q

______ of nodular disease is due to hyperplasia

A

80%

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21
Q

Most common thyroid abnormality

A

Goiter/nodule

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22
Q

Goiter/nodule is caused by

A

Iodine deficiency

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23
Q

Toxic goiter results from _____ of the thyroid gland

A

Hyperactivity

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24
Q

Non-toxic: ____ associated with thyroid disfunction

A

Is not

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25
Thyroid neoplasm characterized by complete fibrous encapsulation
Adenoma
26
Commonly has a periphery halo
Adenoma
27
Carcinoma of the thyroid is
Rare
28
Risk of malignancy _____ with presence of multiple nodules
Decreases
29
Solitary thyroid nodule in the presence of cervical adenopathy on same side suggests
Malignancy
30
Malignant lesions are usually ____ relative to normal thyroid
Hypoechoic
31
Calcifications are present in _____ of all types of thyroid carcinoma
50-80%
32
Most common thyroid malignancy
Papillary carcinoma
33
Associated with neck/upper chest radiation
Papillary carcinoma
34
Females are affected three times more than males in
Papillary carcinoma
35
Second most common thyroid cancer
Follicular carcinoma
36
Not associated with neck and upper chest radiation
Follicular carcinoma
37
Carcinoma with irrregular margins and thick irregular Halo
Follicular carcinoma
38
Third most common malignancy
Medullary carcinoma
39
Derived from C cells of thyroid tissue that secrete calcitonin and accounts for 5% of thyroid cancer’s
Medullary carcinoma
40
Associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia(MEN) type two syndrome
Medullary carcinoma
41
Least common malignancy
Anaplastic carcinoma
42
Lymphoma and thyroid primarily is
Non Hodgkins
43
Graves disease occurs more frequently in women over
30
44
Increased vascularity and Graves’ disease is known as ____
Thyroid inferno
45
Caused by a viral infection of the thyroid
Subacute (de Quervains) thyroiditis
46
Most common form of thyroiditis
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
47
Normal size of the parathyroid gland
5 x 3 x 1 mm
48
When serum calcium level decreases, parathyroid glands are stimulated to release
PTH
49
Parathyroid glands are ______ sensing organs in the body
Calcium
50
Most common referral for parathyroid sonography
Unexplained hypercalcemia
51
Elevated serum calcium levels can lead to renal stones, ulcers, bone pain and may be associated with chronic renal failure and vitamin D deficiency this also is associated with
Secondary hyperparathyroidism
52
Most common type of hyperparathyroidism
Primary hyperparathyroidism
53
Most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism
Parathyroid adenoma
54
In primary hyperparathyroidism lab values will be
Increased PTH and serum calcium
55
Parathyroid adenoma causes __ percent of primary hyperparathyroidism
80%
56
Parathyroid over __ is classified as enlarged
1cm
57
Chronic hypocalcemia caused by renal failure, vitamin D deficiency, or malabsorption syndrome’s causes
Secondary hyperparathyroidism
58
Congenital anomalies that appear in midline of neck anterior to trachea
Thyroglossal duct cyst
59
Cystic formations usually located lateral to thyroid gland
Branchial cleft cyst
60
The more ___ the node, the more likely malignant
Rounded

Small Parts/specialized (15 decks)

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