Breast

Question 1

Mobility of a malignant, solid mass ____

Answer 1

Firmly fixed

Question 2

Mobility of a benign solid mass:

Answer 2

Some mobility

Question 3

Compressibility of a benign solid mass:

Answer 3

Fatty tumors usually compressible

Question 4

Compressibility of a malignant solid mass:

Answer 4

Rigid, non-compressible

Question 5

Vascularity of a solid malignant mass

Answer 5

Hypervascular; feeder vessel

Question 6

Benign pathology on the outer breast that fluctuates with cycle

Answer 6

Fibrocystic condition

Question 7

Most common benign pathology; firm, clearly delineated

Answer 7

Fibroadenoma

Question 8

Most common malignant pathology

Answer 8

Invasive ductal carcinoma

Question 9

Invasive ductal carcinoma accounts for _____ percentage

Answer 9

80%

Question 10

Extension of breast tissue into the axilla

Answer 10

Tail of Spence

Question 11

The three layers of breast tissue

Answer 11

1. Subcutaneous
2. mammary/glandular
3. retromammary

Question 12

Fatty tissue in the breast appears

Answer 12

Hypoechoic

Question 13

Cooper ligaments form _______ to maintain breast shape

Answer 13

Fribrous skeleton

Question 14

The functional portion of the breast

Answer 14

Mammary layer

Question 15

The mammary layer has _____ lobes

Answer 15

15-20

Question 16

Milk producing glands

Answer 16

Lobes

Question 17

Almost all pathology originates here

Answer 17

Terminal Ductal lobular unit(TDLU)

Question 18

Cooper ligaments and other connective tissue is disbursed in a ______ pattern

Answer 18

Linear

Question 19

If there is little fat in the mammary/glandular layer the appearance will be

Answer 19

Echogenic

Question 20

If there is a lot of fat in the mammary/glandular layer the appearance will be

Answer 20

Hypoechoic

Question 21

Retromammary layer is similar in echogenicity and echotexture to the ______ layer

Answer 21

Subcutaneous layer

Question 22

In mature women; _____ tissue begins to replace glandular tissue

Answer 22

Fatty

Question 23

The main arterial supply to the breast includes

Answer 23

• internal mammary arteries

- Lateral thoracic arteries

Question 24

Is over 50% of the arterial supply to the breast

Answer 24

Internal mammary artery’s

Question 25

Lymphatic drainage generally flows to the ____ lymph nodes

Answer 25

Axillary

Question 26

Concerning the male breast, if ductal elements hypertrophy:

Answer 26

Gynecomastia

Question 27

Male patients at increased risk for breast cancer:

Answer 27

- Klinefelter syndrome - Male to female transsexual - History of chest wall irradiation - History of orchitis or testicular tumor - Liver disease - Genetic predisposition

Question 28

Results from two or more X chromosomes in males. The primary features are infertility and small testicles

Answer 28

Klinefelter syndrome

Question 29

Primary function of the breast

Answer 29

Fluid transport

Question 30

During pregnancy ______ is produced by the pituitary which stimulates cells to produce and excrete milk

Answer 30

Prolactin

Question 31

Mammogram is not typically done until ____ after breastfeeding

Answer 31

6 months

Question 32

The clinical evaluation of a patient with a breast problem should include what history

Answer 32

Age Risk factors Onset and duration of mass Relation to menstrual cycle

Question 33

BI-RADS categories include:

Answer 33

1. Negative 2. Benign 3. Probable benign 4. Suspicious, consider biopsy 5. Highly suggestive of malignancy

Question 34

Ultrasound is the primary imaging tool in patients under the age of

Answer 34

30

Question 35

Mammography is _____ indicated under age 20

Answer 35

Rarely

Question 36

Why is ultrasound better with breast augmentation patients

Answer 36

Because mammography is unable to visualize tissue beyond the implant

Question 37

Principal signs of cancer that are difficult to see with ultrasound

Answer 37

Microcalcifications and focal distortion

Question 38

Sagittal corresponds with

Answer 38

Radial

Question 39

Transverse corresponds with

Answer 39

Anti-radial

Question 40

Technique used to confirm margins

Answer 40

Fremitus

Question 41

Malignant solid masses are

Answer 41

Taller than wide