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Small Parts/specialized > Breast > Flashcards

Breast Flashcards

1
Q

Mobility of a malignant, solid mass ____

A

Firmly fixed

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2
Q

Mobility of a benign solid mass:

A

Some mobility

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3
Q

Compressibility of a benign solid mass:

A

Fatty tumors usually compressible

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4
Q

Compressibility of a malignant solid mass:

A

Rigid, non-compressible

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5
Q

Vascularity of a solid malignant mass

A

Hypervascular; feeder vessel

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6
Q

Benign pathology on the outer breast that fluctuates with cycle

A

Fibrocystic condition

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7
Q

Most common benign pathology; firm, clearly delineated

A

Fibroadenoma

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8
Q

Most common malignant pathology

A

Invasive ductal carcinoma

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9
Q

Invasive ductal carcinoma accounts for _____ percentage

A

80%

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10
Q

Extension of breast tissue into the axilla

A

Tail of Spence

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11
Q

The three layers of breast tissue

A
  1. Subcutaneous
  2. mammary/glandular
  3. retromammary
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12
Q

Fatty tissue in the breast appears

A

Hypoechoic

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13
Q

Cooper ligaments form _______ to maintain breast shape

A

Fribrous skeleton

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14
Q

The functional portion of the breast

A

Mammary layer

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15
Q

The mammary layer has _____ lobes

A

15-20

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16
Q

Milk producing glands

A

Lobes

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17
Q

Almost all pathology originates here

A

Terminal Ductal lobular unit(TDLU)

18
Q

Cooper ligaments and other connective tissue is disbursed in a ______ pattern

A

Linear

19
Q

If there is little fat in the mammary/glandular layer the appearance will be

A

Echogenic

20
Q

If there is a lot of fat in the mammary/glandular layer the appearance will be

A

Hypoechoic

21
Q

Retromammary layer is similar in echogenicity and echotexture to the ______ layer

A

Subcutaneous layer

22
Q

In mature women; _____ tissue begins to replace glandular tissue

A

Fatty

23
Q

The main arterial supply to the breast includes

A
  • internal mammary arteries

- Lateral thoracic arteries

24
Q

Is over 50% of the arterial supply to the breast

A

Internal mammary artery’s

25
Q

Lymphatic drainage generally flows to the ____ lymph nodes

A

Axillary

26
Q

Concerning the male breast, if ductal elements hypertrophy:

A

Gynecomastia

27
Q

Male patients at increased risk for breast cancer:

A
  • Klinefelter syndrome
  • Male to female transsexual
  • History of chest wall irradiation
  • History of orchitis or testicular tumor
  • Liver disease
  • Genetic predisposition
28
Q

Results from two or more X chromosomes in males. The primary features are infertility and small testicles

A

Klinefelter syndrome

29
Q

Primary function of the breast

A

Fluid transport

30
Q

During pregnancy ______ is produced by the pituitary which stimulates cells to produce and excrete milk

A

Prolactin

31
Q

Mammogram is not typically done until ____ after breastfeeding

A

6 months

32
Q

The clinical evaluation of a patient with a breast problem should include what history

A

Age
Risk factors
Onset and duration of mass
Relation to menstrual cycle

33
Q

BI-RADS categories include:

A
  1. Negative
  2. Benign
  3. Probable benign
  4. Suspicious, consider biopsy
  5. Highly suggestive of malignancy
34
Q

Ultrasound is the primary imaging tool in patients under the age of

A

30

35
Q

Mammography is _____ indicated under age 20

A

Rarely

36
Q

Why is ultrasound better with breast augmentation patients

A

Because mammography is unable to visualize tissue beyond the implant

37
Q

Principal signs of cancer that are difficult to see with ultrasound

A

Microcalcifications and focal distortion

38
Q

Sagittal corresponds with

A

Radial

39
Q

Transverse corresponds with

A

Anti-radial

40
Q

Technique used to confirm margins

A

Fremitus

41
Q

Malignant solid masses are

A

Taller than wide

Small Parts/specialized (15 decks)

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