Ulcers and GERD Flashcards
____ ulcers are due to a gap in the protective ____ layer in stomach
____ ulcers are due to gap in the protective mucosal layer in duodenum
gastric
mucosal
duodenal
ulcers were originally thought to be caused by increased production of _____
HCl
ulcers are caused by an infection with ____ ____ or the use of ____
incidence is increased with smoking, alcohol, and stress
helicobacter pylori
NSAIDs
inhibition of H2 receptors in stomach results in _____
this raises the stomach pH to ______
inhibiting secretion of HCl
reduce pain caused by acid
first H2 antagonist marketed. use has declined dramatically
short half life
Cimetidine
adverse effects of Cimetidine:
inhibits _____
also an antagonist at androgenic receptors causing __ __
cytochrome P450
erectile dysfunction
new H2 antagonist
long half life
does not inhibit CP450
does not block androgenic receptors
Ranitidine, Pepcid
another mechanism of inhibiting HCl secretion that is more effective than H2 antagonists: ___ ____ ____
proton pump inhibitors
PPI’s cause poor absorption of ___ and ___.
infection with _. _____
Iron
Calcium
C. Difficle
PPI that acts in parietal cells of stomach. can produce total reduction of HCl
omeprazole
S-mirror image of omeprazole
fewer adverse effects
esomeprazole
Other PPI drugs…
_____ , _____ , _____
pantoprazole
lansoprazole
rebeprazole
long term use of PPIs results in
reduction of nutrient absorption due to denaturation of proteins
specifically vit B12
____ neutralize acids already secreted
ex: sodium bicarbonate
antacids
NaHCO3 + HCl –> H2CO3 + NaCl –> H2O + CO2 + NaCl
antibiotics to treat H. pylori _____ or _____
Flagyl or amoxicillin
