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Pharm > Cardiovascular drugs > Flashcards

Cardiovascular drugs Flashcards

1
Q

____ angina occurs during physical exertion
partially occluded coronary arteries
95% of angina

A

classic

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2
Q

____ angina results from vasospasm

5% is this type

A

variant

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3
Q

Nitroglycerin promotes vaso_____ in veins
treats both types
not given orally because first pass effect
taken as ____ tablet
AE: headache

A

dilation

buccal

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4
Q

patch version of nitroglycerin

A

nitro-dur

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5
Q

nitroglycerin reacts with ___ groups to produce ____ ____

A

sulfhydryl

nitric oxide

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6
Q

drug similar to nitroglycerin but used prophylactically

A

isosorbide mononitrate

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7
Q

drug originally for angina, not used anymore. gives euphoric rush, increase orgasm intensity

A

amyl nitrite

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8
Q

drugs treat ED

A

Viagra, Cialis, Levitra

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9
Q

Ca channel blockers relax vascular smooth muscle
decrease AFTER load
prophylactic

A

Calan
Cardizem
Procardia

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10
Q

Beta blockers slow heart rate
only for classic
fewer adverse effects than Ca channel blockers

A

metropolol
atenolol
propranolol
carvedilol(CHF)

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11
Q

CHF occurs when the heart’s pumping ____ due to lowered _____

A

decreases

contractility

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12
Q

Diuretics used to treat CHF reduce edema by ___ urine flow to ____ blood volume
most common drug for CHF: ____

A

increase
decrease
furosemide

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13
Q

___ gets its name from foxglove plant
increases heart contractility
low TI
AE: __ heart block

A

digoxin

AV

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14
Q

___ ___ cause arteriovasodilation, on afterload

reduce mortality rates

A

ACE inhibitors

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15
Q

drug that significantly lowers mortality rate of CHF patients

A

Spironolactone

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16
Q

formation of thromboxane A2 leads to formation of ____ ____

A

platelet plug

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17
Q

platelet plugs are reinforced by ___ to form a ____
forms an ____ when broken off,
becomes an ___ when it gets stuck

A

fibrin
thrombus
embolus
embolism

18
Q 
Heparin binds \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_ to suppress fibrin.
inactivated by \_\_\_
given IV
low TI
AE: hemorrhage
OK during pregnancy
A

antithrombin III

HCl

19
Q

low molecular weight version of heparin: ___

no blood tests required

A

enoxaparin

20
Q 
drug first marketed as rat poison: \_\_\_\_
Vit K antagonist
taken orally
vit K found in\_\_\_\_
INR stands for \_\_\_\_\_ and is ratio for clotting time
A

warfarin
leafy greens
international normalized ratio

21
Q

drug that reduces blood viscosity

A

Trental

22
Q

drug claimed to be better than aspirin. does not cause ulceration
for people who have suffered stroke

A

plavix

23
Q

antibody that binds to glycoprotein on human platelets. decreases tendency to aggregate

A

reo-pro

24
Q

thrombolytic drug made of human enzymes used to dissolve clot after stroke or MI

A

Alteplase

tPA-tissue plasminogen activator

25
Q

cholesterol comes from

converted into

A

dietary source and synthesis in liver

vit D, bile salts

26
Q

average adult level of blood cholesterol

A

180-200 mg/dl

27
Q

LDL over ____ and total over ____ is bad

A

135

200

28
Q

cholesterol risk factor is
average is 5.0 for male
4.5 for female

A

(LDL + HDL) / HDL

29
Q

HDL can be increased by

A

alcohol consumption

exercise

30
Q

___ drug family treats high cholesterol

inhibits enzyme used in cholesterol synthesis: _____

A

statin

HMG-CoA reductase

31
Q

AE of statin drugs:
liver abnormalities
blood test looks for ____ ____ in blood

GI disturbance

A

liver enzymes

32
Q

most common statin drugs

A

simvastatin

atorvastatin

33
Q

original statin drug

A

lovastatin

34
Q

most potent LDL reducer statin drug, high incidence of myopathy

A

rosuvastatin

35
Q

statin drug that increases HDL most

A

pitavastatin

36
Q

dietary supplement made from red yeast with naturally occurring HMG CoA reductase

A

cholestin

37
Q

drug that inhibits dietary cholesterol absorption: _____

combined with simvastatin to make: ____

A

zetia

vytorin

38
Q

Vit B3: _____
reduces cholesterol in large doses
causes cutaneous flushing

A

niacin

39
Q

drug that activates lipoprotein lipase, lower LDL

A

tricor

40
Q

drug that raised HDL but also raised mortality rate, off the market
positive surrogate outcome, neg clinic outcme

A

Torcetrapib

41
Q

drug that stimulates production of red blood cells

A

erythropoietin

42
Q

synthetic form of naturally occurring levothyroxine hormone

safe during pregnancy, rated A

A

Synthroid

Pharm (17 decks)

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