U5 L1 Early England (PART 2) Flashcards
What year marks the beginnings of English History?
597
From whom had the English learned to make written records of historical events?
Roman and Irish missionaries
Which language is Anglo-Saxon closely related to?
Saxon and Frisian (Low German)
How had Latin influenced English?
through the church and classical writings
During which centuries did Old Norse (Scandinavian) especially influence English?
10 and 11th
How did the spread of Christianity bring increased learning?
- men learned to read/write in Latin while training for holy orders
- studied Greek, language used in early church
Who set up a monastic school at Canterbury?
- ‘Theodore’, archbishop of Canterbury
- African Abbot ‘Hadrian’
How many books could an average scribe copy in a year?
two
Who was Aldhelm (Ealdhelm)?
- Monk from Wessex
- student of Theodore and Hadrian
- poet and first important English writer
Who was Benedict Biscop?
- monk form Northumbria
- established Benedictine monasteries there
Who was Venerable Bede?
- student of Biscop
- Anglo-Latin writer
What did Venerable Bede write about?
- lives of saints
- Bible book commentaries
- scientific treatises
- grammatical handbooks
- critical writings
What is one of Venerable Bede’s works? And what was it about?
- Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum
- The Ecclesiastical History of the English Nation
- info about transition of England to a unified culture
Were methods of investigation during Bede’s time developed?
no
What was Venerable Bede considered as?
Father of English history
Who was Egbert?
- student of Bede
- Archbishop of York
- made cathedral school that produced writers
What was one of the writers that came form Egbert’s cathedral school?
Alcuin
Why was Alcuin chosen by Charlemagne?
encourage learning during Carolingian Renaissance
Who were the West Saxons?
inhabitants of wessex
Between which years were West Saxons fighting Danish Viking invasions?
787 to 1017
When did Alfred the Great become king of Wessex?
871
Who was the Danish leader who was baptized as a christian?
Guthram
What was Danelaw?
- gave portion of eastern Eng to Danes
- restricted them there
When did Alfred begin the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle?
892
What was the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle?
- first historical account in (Old) English
- oldest extant national chronicle
What were Alfred the Great’s accomplishments?
- +education: translated Latin books to Anglo-Saxon
- protected Eng: established forts and being active in foreign affairs
- +govt: formed good code of laws
When did Alfred’s followers regain Danelaw?
954
When did Canute capture England, and what kingdom did he make it a part of?
- 1016
- Danish Kingdom
From when did Edward the Confessor (English ruled) rule England
1042 to 1066
When did the Norman conquest happen, and what was its effects?
- 1066
- changed course of Anglo-Saxon culture, language, and art
What caused the Middle English period to be created?
Norman languages and customs merging with the English
