U4 L2 Grammar Flashcards
What are the two ways the term grammar can be used?
1- grammar of language, relationships of words in a sentence
2- prescriptive grammar, set of rules for the use of a language
What is Accusative?
- used for direct objects
- corresponds with objective case in English
What is Dative?
used for indirect objects
What is Ablative?
- expresses separation from, position, motion from, or means something is done
- from, with, in or by
What is Genitive?
- showing possession, source or origin
- possessive case in English
What is an Inflection?
changing form of word to indicate case, gender, number and tense
What were the first English grammars based on? And why?
Latin Models, because they were considered the ideal language
How are Latin and English structures different?
L- relied on inflections to indicate word relationship
E- relies primarily on word order
What are Traditional grammars primarily consisted/referred to be?
prescriptive grammar
How do Traditional grammars progress?
- begin with definition of sentence
- then describes Individual parts of speech
What are the classifications of the parts of speech in Traditional Grammar?
- noun
- adjective
- verb
- adverb
- preposition
- conjunction
- pronoun
- interjection
NAVAP CPI
What do Traditional grammars also define other than the definition of a sentence and parts of speech?
- phrases and clauses
- word relationships
- speech part functions
- uses and placements of constructions (verbals, prepositional phrases)
What are some weaknesses of Traditional grammars?
- their detail
- views English from the outside
- do not explain inevitable formation of every possible English sentence
Is today’s grammar strictly traditional? Why?
- no
- It’s been modified without changing basic principles
What is Functionalist grammar?
- modified approach to Traditional grammar
- emphasizes usage
- reinforces concepts through practice
- uses structure and terminology of traditional grammar while emphasizing function
