Tumor immunology Flashcards
1. Which of the following is an example of a known oncogenic virus?
A Herpes zoster
B HIV-2
C Epstein–Barr virus
D Vesicular stomatitis virus
E Proteus mirabilis
C Epstein–Barr virus
2. Boon et al. showed that syngeneic transplantable tumors that mutate such that they express strong transplantation antigens are rejected. They called these variants:
A tum−
B Xenogeneic
C tum+
D Methylcholanthrene (MCA)
E Non-immunogenic
A tum−
3. In pancreatic carcinoma the ras gene:
A Is absent
B Is normal but is overexpressed
C Has a large deletion
D Contains a single point mutation, always at the same position
E Contains a single point mutation, but not always at the same position
E Contains a single point mutation, but not always at the same position
4. Strongly immunogenic tumors appear:
A In virtually all cancers
B Only in lymphoma and leukemia
C In immunosuppressed patients
D Only in experimental animals
E Only in elderly patients
C In immunosuppressed patients
5. Which of the following is most commonly seen in African children with Burkitt’s lymphoma?
A Absence of EBV
B T-cell neoplasia
C Deletion of the c-myc gene
D Chromosome 8q24 to chromosome 14q32 translocation
E Chromosome 8q24 to chromosome 2p12 translocation
D Chromosome 8q24 to chromosome 14q32 translocation
6. In Burkitt’s lymphoma, a vaccine against which of the following might prove useful?
A Epstein–Barr virus
B Marek’s disease virus
C Human papilloma virus
D Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-1)
E Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV)
A Epstein–Barr virus
7. A B-cell lymphoma will express a unique tumor antigen called:
A p53
B Endosialin
C SM-3
D Idiotype
E Lewis Lea
D Idiotype
8. Which of the following is a diagnostic marker for tumors of the colon?
A Alpha-fetoprotein
B Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)
C The presence of Reed–Sternberg cells
D EBV-related antigens
E Common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA)
B Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)
9. Antigens normally expressed only on embryonic cells but also sometimes found on tumors are known as:
A Oncofetal antigens
B Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)
C Maternal
D Neonatal
E Cryptic
A Oncofetal antigens
10. CD44 is a molecule that can be involved in:
A Neoplastic transformation
B Metastatic spread
C Tumor surveillance
D Antigen recognition
E Secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)
B Metastatic spread
11. The normal immunological control of tumors is referred to as:
A Immunological tolerance
B Immune surveillance
C Type III hypersensitivity
D Immunological silence
E Superantigen recognition
B Immune surveillance
12. Which of the following statements is TRUE of malignant lymphoid cells?
A Malignant lymphoid cells show maturation arrest at characteristic stages in differentiation
B Malignant lymphoid cells form a polyclonal population of cells
C Malignant lymphoid cells are non-dividing
D Malignant lymphoid cells express several different tumor-specific antigens
E Malignant lymphoid cells are always derived from various stages of the normal B-cell differentiation pathway
A Malignant lymphoid cells show maturation arrest at characteristic stages in differentiation
13. Which of the following is a type of tumor that is NOT derived from hematopoietic cells?
A Thymoma
B Myeloma
C Leukemia
D Lymphoma
E Hodgkin’s disease
A Thymoma
14. Which of the following is an example of an immune escape mechanism used by some tumor cells?
A Inhibition of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase
B Increased expression of MHC class I
C Increased expression of PD-L1
D Decreased expression of FasL
E Shutdown of IL-10 production
C Increased expression of PD-L1
15. Which of the following molecules are NOT used by tumor associated macrophages to generate an anti-inflammatory environment within a tumor?
A PD-L1
B IL-10
C Arginase
D Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A)
E Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase
D Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A)
16. Which of the following is an example of tumor antigen associated with liver cancer?
A EBV
B PSA
C Muc-1
D HER2
E Alpha-fetoprotein
E Alpha-fetoprotein
17. Which of the following is a molecule that is NOT targeted for checkpoint inhibition?
A CTLA-4
B PD-1
C PD-L1
D CD28
E Lag-3
D CD28
18. HPV types 6 and 11 are associated with the development of:
A All cervical cancers
B Almost 70% of cervical cancers
C Approximately 50% of cervical cancers
D Just under 30% of cervical cancers
E They are not associated with the development of cervical cancer
E They are not associated with the development of cervical cancer
19. Which of the following is a component that has often been used in chimeric antigen receptors (CARs)?
A Igα
B Igβ
C CD3 ζ
D Ig Cγ1 domain
E Ig Cλ domain
C CD3 ζ
20. Evidence for immune surveillance of tumors comes from a substantially increased incidence of certain cancers in patients with:
A Allergy
B Autoimmune disease
C Immunodeficiency
D Helicobacter pylori infection
E Particular MHC haplotypes
C Immunodeficiency
