Autoimmune diseases Flashcards
1. Which of the following is a non-organ-specific (systemic) autoimmune disease?
A Myasthenia gravis
B Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
C Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
D Pernicious anemia
E Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus
B Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
2. Which of the following antibodies is of most use for the diagnosis of pernicious anemia?
A Anti-parietal cell
B Anti-thyroid peroxidase
C Anti-nuclear
D Anti-IgG Fc
E Anti-TSH receptor
A Anti-parietal cell
3. Which of the following antibodies are useful for the diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome?
A Anti-cardiolipin
B Anti-neutrophil cytoplasm (ANCA)
C Anti-SS-A(Ro), anti-SS-B(La)
D Anti-21-hydroxylase
E Anti-glomerular basement membrane
C Anti-SS-A(Ro), anti-SS-B(La)
4. Which of the following models is an example of a spontaneous organ-specific autoimmune disease?
A (NZB × W)F1
B MRL-lpr/lpr
C Experimental autoallergic encephalomyelitis
D Thyroiditis induced by early thymectomy and irradiation
E Non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse
E Non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse
5. The high concordance rate for monozygotic vs dizygotic twins in type 1 diabetes indicates:
A A strong environmental element
B A strong genetic element
C A major influence of sex
D The influence of HLA
E That microbial infection cannot be involved
B A strong genetic element
6. The undue tendency for closely linked genes on a chromosome to remain associated rather than undergo genetic randomization, is termed:
A Tandem duplication
B Meiotic cross-over
C Relative risk
D Linkage disequilibrium
E Gene conversion
D Linkage disequilibrium
7. What is HLA-DR2 a risk factor for?
A Multiple sclerosis
B Type I diabetes
C Ankylosing spondylitis
D Rheumatoid arthritis
E Myasthenia gravis
A Multiple sclerosis
8. The antiphospholipid syndrome is associated with:
A Infertility
B Severe anemia
C Wegener’s granulomatosis
D Raised platelet levels
E Recurrent fetal loss
E Recurrent fetal loss
9. Neonatal myasthenia gravis is thought to be caused by:
A An inherited genetic defect
B Transplacental transfer of maternal IgG against the TSH receptor
C Overactivity of regulatory T-cells
D Transplacental transfer of maternal IgG against the acetylcholine receptor
E Maternal T-cells transferred across the placenta
D Transplacental transfer of maternal IgG against the acetylcholine receptor
10. In celiac disease there is T-cell sensitivity to:
A Vitamin B12
B Gluten
C β-adrenergic receptors
D Gastric H+-K+ dependent ATPase
E Myelin basic protein (MBP)
B Gluten
11. Glomerulonephritis associated with pulmonary hemorrhage is referred to as:
A Pemphigus vulgaris
B Goodpasture’s syndrome
C Systemic lupus erythematosus
D Lambert–Eaton syndrome
E Post-streptococcal glomerular nephritis
B Goodpasture’s syndrome
12. In rheumatoid arthritis the non-lymphoid synovial tissue shows aberrant expression of:
A Immunoglobulin genes
B T-cell receptor genes
C MHC class I
D MHC class II
E MHC class III
D MHC class II
13. IgG in patients with rheumatoid arthritis has abnormal:
A Glycosylation
B Disufide bonds
C Light chain sequence
D Hinge regions
E Valency
A Glycosylation
14. The inflammatory infiltrate in autoimmune thyroiditis comprises mostly:
A Phagocytic cells
B Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
C Lymphocytes
D Mast cells
E Eosinophils
C Lymphocytes
15. A therapeutic approach in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is to:
A Stimulate TNF production
B Inhibit TNF activity
C Reduce TGFβ secretion
D Administer silver salts
E Use prostaglandin
B Inhibit TNF activity
16. Immune defenses in the gut have evolved mechanisms that restrict the activation of:
A Th1 cells
B Th2 cells
C B-cells
D Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes
E Mast cells
A Th1 cells
17. In rheumatoid arthritis, the outgrowth of synovial lining cells that produces erosions in the underlying cartilage and bone is called:
A Opsonin
B Proteoglycan
C Pannus
D The Arthus reaction
E Frustrated phagocytosis
C Pannus
18. What is the single best defining feature of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
A A type III hypersensitivity
B An autoimmune disease
C A disease that often affects the skin
D A disease that often affects the kidneys
E A disease in which anti-DNA autoantibodies are present
E A disease in which anti-DNA autoantibodies are present
19. What is the single best description of type 1 diabetes?
A Results in hyperglycemia
B Is characterized by the production of autoantibodies
C Involves a T-cell infiltration into an endocrine gland
D Involves lymphocyte recognition of glutamic acid decarboxylase
E Occurs at a higher frequency in genetically susceptible individuals
D Involves lymphocyte recognition of glutamic acid decarboxylase
20. Which of the following is the autoimmune condition with the single most profound genetic association?
A Graves’ disease
B Type 1 diabetes
C Ankylosing spondylitis
D Rheumatoid arthritis
E IPEX (immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked) syndrome
E IPEX (immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked) syndrome
