Tuberculosis

Question 1

What organism most commonly causes tuberculosis?

Answer 1

Mycobacterium. tuberculosis

Question 2

Name 4 other organisms that cause TB

Answer 2

M. bovis
M. afracanum
M. microti
M. canetti

Question 3

Name a mycobacterium that doesn’t cause TB

Answer 3

M. avium complex

Question 4

How is TB transmitter

Answer 4

Droplet nuclei- transmitted person to person through the air via coughs, sneezes etc

Question 5

What 4 factors determine the probability that TB will be transmitted

Answer 5

• Infectiousness of person with TB
• Environment in which exposure occurred
• Length of exposure
• Virulence/ strength

Question 6

How best should TB transmission be stopped

Answer 6

Isolate infectious person and treat them asap

Question 7

What % of the population are infected with TB

Answer 7

1/3

Question 8

If you have latent TB, what are the chances of it being activate

Answer 8

10% lifetime risk

Question 9

How many people with latent TB who go on to have an active infection have that active infection within 3 years

Answer 9

half

Question 10

How is latent TB diagnosed

Answer 10

Mantoux with PPD or gamma interferon release assays

Question 11

What other transmissable disease is TB highly related to

Answer 11

HIV

Question 12

Which anti-TB drug was the first to be invented

Answer 12

Streptomycin (1943)

Question 13

Name 4 commonly prescribed TB drugs

Answer 13

Rifampicin
Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol

Question 14

How is drug resistant TB treated

Answer 14

• RIPE drugs for 2 months

- Rifampicin and isoniazid for 4 months