Tuberculosis Flashcards
rank of PH in most tuberculosis cases
4th
Why is there an increase of Tuberculosis
- limited diagnostic capacity
- limited treatment
Why did TB rise after COVID pandemic?
co-morbidity
Can TB be also found in milk and milk products?
YES
Disease associated with TB
Diabetes
Why did TB cases decline during pandemic?
• underdiagnosed
• poor reporting
• focused on COVID
TB is ___% cause of multidrug resistance (2019)
30%
TB for animal - humans
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex (MBTC)
2 TB spp for human - animals (zooanthroponoses)
[ ta ]
M. tuberculosis
M. africanum
TB spp where cattles are both maintenance & incidental host
M. caprae
TB spp for rodents
M. microti
TB spp for goats
M. bovis
TB spp of sea animals
M. pinnipedii
TB spp of large ruminants & NHP
M. orygis
TB spp in Asia
M. bovis
ID of TB
less than 10
Can TB be latent?
YES (5-10% of healthy individuals)
zoonotic mycobacteria usually causes ____ disease
extrapulmonary (abdominal & CNS)
Risk factor of TB:
• young or old?
• male or female?
• population density?
• Young
• Female (milk)
• high population
disease of M. tuberculosis
cutaneous tuberculosis
- tuberculosis chancre
- tuberculosis verruccose cutie
- butcher’s wart
can cutaneous tuberculosis ulcer heal?
NO (non-healing ulcer)
When do subclinical TB manifest?
- under stress
- immunocompromised
TB is less common in these 3 animals
x CTH x
Cats
Dog
Horse
uncalcified nodule itsura
liquid-y
(2) TB lesion in horses
- spleen
- liver
is TB in birds encapsulated?
NO
TB in this animal is
• slow
• chronic
• debilitating
• lymphadenopathy
Cattle
TB in this animal are usually asymptomatic but can cause sudden death
Birds
TB in this animal affects “abdominal area”
Horse
TB in this animal affects “CNS”
Pigs
TB in this animal affects “submandibular”
Cats
Infects cattle in airborne transmission (tumatayo bigla)
opposum
bacterial culture for TB
- modified Middlebrook 7H10 / 7H11
- Stonebrink’s / Lowenstein-Jensen egg-based medium
IP required for Lowenstein-Jensen
atleast 2 weeks
nawawala curved feature pag inoculated from medium
sputum
samples for TB
pooled lymph node (head & thorax)
- milk
- feces
- urine
stain for direct microscopy for TB
Ziehl-Neelsen stain
genes of M. bovis (2)
- pncA
- oxyR
worldwide spoligotyping for M. bovis
SB 012 0
False-Positive for tuberculin skin test
M. avium
Tuberculin skin test is for all animals susceptible to TB
NO (cattle only)
more convenient test than CIT
Caudal fold test
higher sensitivity & specificity than CFT
Cervical INTRAdermal test
Caudal fold test is only for this species
M. bovis
Substitute test than tuberculin skin test
Gamma-interferin release assay
detects interferon-gamma
Primary coating antibody
in ELISPOT assay, this forms color changes
precipitated enzyme SUBSTRATE
(2) resistant for TB
x IR x
Isoniazid
Rifampicin
M. bovis is innately resistant to
pyrazinamide
Min treatment for M. bovis
9 months
To prevent TB, cook meat for:
65C ; atleast 30 mins
autoclave for TB
121C ; atleast 15 mins
strain of vaccine for TB (route?)
M. tuberculosis
Bacillus Calmette Guerin strain (IM, deltoid)
vaccine route for M. bovis (cattle)
respiratory / SC
