Trunk Muscles Flashcards by Blake Miller

Iliocostalis (lumborum, thoracis, cervicis)

-origin

common origin
-broad tendon from posterior iliac crest, sacrum, SI ligaments, spinous processes of sacral and inferior lumbar vertebrae

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Iliocostalis (lumborum, thoracis, cervicis)

-insertion

I. lumborum
-inferior border of angle of ribs 12-6
I. thoracis
-all ribs
I. cervicis
-ribs 6-1
-posterior tubercles of C4-C6

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Iliocostalis (lumborum, thoracis, cervicis)

-actions

laterally flex head and vertebral column to same side (ipsilaterally)
bilateral head and trunk extension

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Iliocostalis (lumborum, thoracis, cervicis)

-innervation

dorsal rami of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal nerves

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longissimus (thoracic, cervicis, capitis)

-origin

common origin

cervicis and capitis have origins on the transverse processes at lower levels
this seems like a strange description of the origin; will try and figure out from book

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longissimus (thoracic, cervicis, capitis)

-insertion

L. thoracis
-tips of transverse processes T1-T12
-tubercles of inferior border of ribs 9 and 10
L. cervicis
-superior thoracic transverse processes to cervical transverse processes
L capitis
-arises with L. cervicis and attaches to mastoid process

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longissimus (thoracic, cervicis, capitis)

-actions

ipsilateral lateral flexion of head and vertebral column
bilateral head and trunk extension
L.capitis
-rotates head to same side

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longissimus (thoracic, cervicis, capitis)

-innervation

dorsal rami of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal nerves

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Spinalis (thoracic, cervicis)

-origin

common origin

-from spinous processes

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Spinalis (thoracic, cervicis)

-insertion

S. thoracic
-tips of spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae
S. cervicis
-ligamentum nuchae to axis (C2)
*these are inconsistent attachments according to the notes

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Spinalis (thoracic, cervicis)

-actions

head and vertebral column extension

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Spinalis (thoracic, cervicis)

-innervation

dorsal rami of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal nerves

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semispinalis (thoracis, cervicis, capitis)

-origin

S. thoracis
-transverse processes superomedially T6-T10
S. cervicis
-transverse processes superomedially T1-T6
S. capitis
-transverse processes T1-T6 (C7 articular process)

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semispinalis (thoracis, cervicis, capitis)

-insertion

S. thoracis
-spinous processes C6-T4
S. cervicis
-Spinous processes C2-C5
S. Capitis
-Inferior to superior nuchal line

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semispinalis (thoracis, cervicis, capitis)

-actions

all
-contralateral trunk/head rotation
S. thoracis and cervicis
-vertebral column extension
S. capitis
-head extensor when active bilaterally

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semispinalis (thoracis, cervicis, capitis)

-innervation

dorsal rami of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal nerves

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multifidus

-origin

laminae (mamillary process) of S4-C2, including zygapophysial capsule
may be absent in thoracic region

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multifidus

-insertion

superomedially 2-4 vertebrae to spinous process

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multifidus

-action

unilaterally
-lateral flexion of vertebral column
-contralateral transverse rotation
bilaterally
-trunk extension
vertebral column stabilization

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multifidus

-innervation

dorsal rami of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal nerves

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rotatores (brevis and longus)

-origin

transverse processes of entire vertebral column

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rotatores (brevis and longus)

-insertion

superomedially to spinous processes of next (brevis) or 2nd SP (longus)

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rotatores (brevis and longus)

-actions

contralaterally rotate superior vertebrae

- bilaterally stabilize superior vertebrae

rotatores (brevis and longus)

-innervation

dorsal rami of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal nerves

splenius (cervicis, capitis) | -origin

``` S. cervicis -spinous processes of T3-T6 S. capitis -spinous processes of C7-T4 -ligamentum nuchae ```

splenius (cervicis, capitis) | -insertion

``` S. cervicis -transverse processes of C2-C5 S. capitis -lateral part of superior nuchal line -mastoid process ```

splenius (cervicis, capitis) | -actions

bilateral contraction -extension of cervical region unilateral contraction -ipsilateral lateral flexion and rotation

splenius (cervicis, capitis) | -innervation

S. cervicis -dorsal rami of spinal nerves C4-C8 S. capitis -dorsal rami of spinal nerves C3-C5

``` Levator costarum (intertransversarii of thoracic region) -origin ```

tip of thoracic transverse process

``` Levator costarum (intertransversarii of thoracic region) -insertion ```

inferolaterally to angle of inferior adjacent rib

``` Levator costarum (intertransversarii of thoracic region) -actions ```

- elevate ribs during inspiration | - proposed to be involved in lateral flexion

``` Levator costarum (intertransversarii of thoracic region) -innervation ```

ventral rami of thoracic spinal nerves

quadratus lumborum | -origin

- iliolumbar ligament | - internal lip of iliac crest

quadratus lumborum | -insertion

- tips of lumbar transverse processes | - inferior border of rib 12

quadratus lumborum | -actions

- vertebral column extension - vertebral column lateral flexion - fixes rib 12 during inspiration

quadratus lumborum | -innervation

branches of ventral rami of T12, L1-3(4)

psoas major | -origin

- transverse process of lumbar vertebrae - sides of vertebral body of T12, L1-L5 - intervertebral discs

psoas major | -insertion

lesser trochanter of femur

psoas major | -actions

- increase lumbar lordosis - assist in vertebral column lateral flexion - hip flexion - pelvis flexion on trunk

psoas major | -innervation

- lumbar plexis | - branches of primary ventral rami L1-L4

rectus abdominis | -origin

pubic crest and symphysis

rectus abdominis | -insertion

costal cartilages 5-7 | xyphoid process

rectus abdominis | -actions

trunk flexion

rectus abdominis | -innervation

ventral rami of spinal nerves T5-T12

external abdominal oblique | -origin

anterior fibers -external surface of ribs 5-8 lateral fibers -external surface of ribs 9-12

external abdominal oblique | -insertion

- outer lip of iliac crest | - linea alba via aponeurosis

external abdominal oblique | -actions

``` bilaterally -trunk flexion -lateral fibers act on lumbar region to tilt pelvis posteriorly unilaterally -contralateral transverse rotation compress abdomen ```

external abdominal oblique | -innervation

ventral rami of spinal nerves T5-T12

internal abdominal oblique | -origin

- lateral 2/3 of inguinal ligament - iliac crest - thoracolumbar fascia

internal abdominal oblique | -insertion

- crest of pubis - pectineal line - linea alba

internal abdominal oblique | -actions

upper anterior fibers -trunk flexion unilaterally -work with contralateral external obliques to rotate trunk (for the internal obliques this is ipsilateral transverse rotation)

internal abdominal oblique | -innervation

ventral rami of spinal nerves T7-T12 | iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves

transverse abdominis | -origin

- lower 6 ribs - thoracolumbar fascia (attached to transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae - iliac crest - inguinal ligament

transverse abdominis | -insertion

- linea alba | - pubic crest

transverse abdominis | -actions

- trunk stabilization via fixation of linae alba | - compress abdomen

transverse abdominis | -innervation

- ventral rami of spinal nerves T7-T12 | - iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves