Neck and Prevertebral Muscles Flashcards by Blake Miller

what muscles form the boundary of the posterior cervical triangle

trapezius
sternocleidomastoid
platysma

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

sternocleidomastoid

-origin

sternal head
-anterior surface of manubrium
clavicular head
-superior surface of middle 1/3 of clavicle

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

sternocleidomastoid

-insertion

lateral surface of mastoid process

lateral 1/2 of superior nuchal line

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

sternocleidomastoid

-actions

alone
-laterally flexes neck
-rotates head superiorly and to contralateral side
bilaterally
-neck flexion

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

sternocleidomastoid

-innervation

spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)

cervical nerves C2, C3 (may be primarily sensory for proprioceptive information and are from ventral rami)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

platysma

-origin

fascia and skin over pec major and deltoid

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

platysma

-insertion

inferior border of mandible

skin of lower face

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

platysma

-actions

tenses skin of neck
draws corner of mouth inferiorly
assists in depressing mandible

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

platysma

-innervation

cervical branch of facial nerve (CN VII)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what muscles form the floor of the posterior cervical triangle

splenius capatis
levator scapulae
posterior scalene
middle scalene
anterior scalene

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

posterior scalene

-origin

posterior tubercles of transverse processes C4-C6

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

posterior scalene

-insertion

external border of second rib

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

posterior scalene

-actions

flexes neck laterally

elevates 2nd rib during forced inspiration

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

posterior scalene

-innervation

ventral rami of C7, C8

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

middle scalene

-origin

posterior tubercles of transverse process C2-C7

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

middle scalene

-insertion

superior surface of first rib, posterior to groove of subclavian artery

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

middle scalene

-actions

flexes neck laterally

elevates 1st rib during forced inspiration

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

middle scalene

-innervation

ventral rami of C3-C8

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

anterior scalene (hidden behind SCM)
-origin

anterior tubercles of transverse processes C3-C6

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

anterior scalene

-insertion

scalene tubercle of inner border of 1st rib and near groove of subclavian artery

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

anterior scalene

-actions

flexes neck forward and laterally
laterally rotates neck to contralateral side
elevates 1st rib during forced inspiration

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

anterior scalene

-innervation

ventral rami of C4-C6

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what are the suprahyoid muscles

mylohyoid
geniogyoid
stylohyoid
digastric

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

mylohyoid

-origin

mylohyoid line of mandible

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

mylohyoid | -insertion

midline raphe and body of hyoid bone

mylohyoid | -actions

elevates hyoid bone, floor of mouth and tongue during swallowing and speaking

mylohyoid | -innervation

nerve to mylohyoid | -branch of inferior alveolar nerve (CN V3)

geniohyoid | -origin

inferior mental spine of mandible

geniohyoid | -insertion

body of hyoid

geniohyoid | -actions

pulls hyoid bone anterosuperiorly, shortening floor of mouth and widening pharynx

geniohyoid | -innervation

C1 via hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

stylohyoid | -origin

styloid process of temporal bone

stylohyoid | -insertion

body of hyoid

stylohyoid | -action

elevates and retracts hyoid bone, elongating floor of mouth

stylohyoid | -innervation

cervical branch of facial nerve (CN VII)

digastric | -origin

anterior belly -digastric fossa of mandible posterior belly -mastoid notch of temporal bone

digastric | -insertion

intermediate tendon to body and greater horn of hyoid bone

digastric | -action

depresses mandible | raises hyoid bone and steadies it during swallowing and speaking

digastric | -innervation

anterior belly -nerve to mylohyoid (branch of inferior alveloar nerve (CN V3)) posterior belly -cervical branch of facial nerve (CN VII)

muscles of the prevertebral region

longus colli (longus cervicis) longus capitis rectus capitis anterior rectus capitis lateralis

``` longus colli (longus cervicis) -origin ```

bodies of T1-T3 | transverse process of C3-C6

``` longus colli (longus cervicis) -insertion ```

anterior tubercle of C1 | bodies of C2,C3

``` longus colli (longus cervicis) -action ```

flexes neck forward upper fibers laterally flex the neck lower fibers rotate neck to opposite side

``` longus colli (longus cervicis) -innervation ```

ventral rami of C2-C6

longus capitis | -origin

anterior tubercles of transverse process of vertebrae C3-C6

longus capitis | -insertion

anterior and inferior surface of occipital bone

longus capitis | -action

flexes neck and head

longus capitis | -innervation

ventral rami of C1-C2

rectus capitis anterior | -origin

anterior surface of lateral mass of atlas and transverse process

rectus capitis anterior | -insertion

inferior surface of occipital bone, anterior to occipital condyle

rectus capitis anterior | -action

flexes head at AO joint? these small muscles in addition to suboccipital muscles probably act at AA and AO as stabilizers rather than prime movers

rectus capitis anterior | -innervation

ventral rami of C1-C2

rectus capitis lateralis | -origin

upper surface of the transverse process of atlas

rectus capitis lateralis | -insertion

inferior surface of jugular process of occipital bone

rectus capitis lateralis | -action

flexes head laterally? these small muscles in addition to suboccipital muscles probably act at AA and AO as stabilizers rather than prime movers

rectus capitis lateralis | -innervation

ventral rami of C1-C2

infrahyoid muscles (strap muscles)

sternohyoid sternothyroid thyrohyoid omohyoid

sternohyoid | -origin

manubrium of sternum and medial end of clavicle

sternohyoid | -insertion

body of hyoid bone

sternohyoid | -action

depresses hyoid bone after it has been elevated for swallowing

sternohyoid | -innervation

C1-C3 from ansa cervicalis

sternothyroid | -origin

posterior surface of manubrium of sternum

sternothyroid | -insertion

oblique line of thyroid cartilage

sternothyroid | -action

depresses hyoid bone and larynx

sternothyroid | -innervation

C2, C3 from ansa cervicalis

thyrohyoid | -origin

oblique line of thyroid cartilage

thyrohyoid | -insertion

inferior border of body and greater horn of hyoid bone

thyrohyoid | -action

depresses hyoid bone | elevates larynx

thyrohyoid | -innervation

C1 vya hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

omohyoid | -origin

superior border of scapula near suprascapular notch

omohyoid | -insertion

inferior border of hyoid bone

omohyoid | -action

depresses, retracts, and steadies hyoid bone

omohyoid | -innervation

C1-C3 from ansa cervicalis