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S1 Anatomy > Neck and Prevertebral Muscles > Flashcards

Neck and Prevertebral Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

what muscles form the boundary of the posterior cervical triangle

A

trapezius
sternocleidomastoid
platysma

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2
Q

sternocleidomastoid

-origin

A

sternal head
-anterior surface of manubrium
clavicular head
-superior surface of middle 1/3 of clavicle

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3
Q

sternocleidomastoid

-insertion

A

lateral surface of mastoid process

lateral 1/2 of superior nuchal line

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4
Q

sternocleidomastoid

-actions

A 
alone
-laterally flexes neck
-rotates head superiorly and to contralateral side
bilaterally
-neck flexion
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5
Q

sternocleidomastoid

-innervation

A

spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)

cervical nerves C2, C3 (may be primarily sensory for proprioceptive information and are from ventral rami)

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6
Q

platysma

-origin

A

fascia and skin over pec major and deltoid

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7
Q

platysma

-insertion

A

inferior border of mandible

skin of lower face

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8
Q

platysma

-actions

A

tenses skin of neck
draws corner of mouth inferiorly
assists in depressing mandible

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9
Q

platysma

-innervation

A

cervical branch of facial nerve (CN VII)

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10
Q

what muscles form the floor of the posterior cervical triangle

A 
splenius capatis
levator scapulae
posterior scalene
middle scalene
anterior scalene
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11
Q

posterior scalene

-origin

A

posterior tubercles of transverse processes C4-C6

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12
Q

posterior scalene

-insertion

A

external border of second rib

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13
Q

posterior scalene

-actions

A

flexes neck laterally

elevates 2nd rib during forced inspiration

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14
Q

posterior scalene

-innervation

A

ventral rami of C7, C8

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15
Q

middle scalene

-origin

A

posterior tubercles of transverse process C2-C7

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16
Q

middle scalene

-insertion

A

superior surface of first rib, posterior to groove of subclavian artery

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17
Q

middle scalene

-actions

A

flexes neck laterally

elevates 1st rib during forced inspiration

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18
Q

middle scalene

-innervation

A

ventral rami of C3-C8

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19
Q 
anterior scalene (hidden behind SCM)
-origin
A

anterior tubercles of transverse processes C3-C6

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20
Q

anterior scalene

-insertion

A

scalene tubercle of inner border of 1st rib and near groove of subclavian artery

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21
Q

anterior scalene

-actions

A

flexes neck forward and laterally
laterally rotates neck to contralateral side
elevates 1st rib during forced inspiration

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22
Q

anterior scalene

-innervation

A

ventral rami of C4-C6

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23
Q

what are the suprahyoid muscles

A

mylohyoid
geniogyoid
stylohyoid
digastric

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24
Q

mylohyoid

-origin

A

mylohyoid line of mandible

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25
Q

mylohyoid

-insertion

A

midline raphe and body of hyoid bone

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26
Q

mylohyoid

-actions

A

elevates hyoid bone, floor of mouth and tongue during swallowing and speaking

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27
Q

mylohyoid

-innervation

A

nerve to mylohyoid

-branch of inferior alveolar nerve (CN V3)

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28
Q

geniohyoid

-origin

A

inferior mental spine of mandible

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29
Q

geniohyoid

-insertion

A

body of hyoid

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30
Q

geniohyoid

-actions

A

pulls hyoid bone anterosuperiorly, shortening floor of mouth and widening pharynx

31
Q

geniohyoid

-innervation

A

C1 via hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

32
Q

stylohyoid

-origin

A

styloid process of temporal bone

33
Q

stylohyoid

-insertion

A

body of hyoid

34
Q

stylohyoid

-action

A

elevates and retracts hyoid bone, elongating floor of mouth

35
Q

stylohyoid

-innervation

A

cervical branch of facial nerve (CN VII)

36
Q

digastric

-origin

A

anterior belly
-digastric fossa of mandible
posterior belly
-mastoid notch of temporal bone

37
Q

digastric

-insertion

A

intermediate tendon to body and greater horn of hyoid bone

38
Q

digastric

-action

A

depresses mandible

raises hyoid bone and steadies it during swallowing and speaking

39
Q

digastric

-innervation

A

anterior belly
-nerve to mylohyoid (branch of inferior alveloar nerve (CN V3))
posterior belly
-cervical branch of facial nerve (CN VII)

40
Q

muscles of the prevertebral region

A

longus colli (longus cervicis)
longus capitis
rectus capitis anterior
rectus capitis lateralis

41
Q 
longus colli (longus cervicis)
-origin
A

bodies of T1-T3

transverse process of C3-C6

42
Q 
longus colli (longus cervicis)
-insertion
A

anterior tubercle of C1

bodies of C2,C3

43
Q 
longus colli (longus cervicis)
-action
A

flexes neck forward
upper fibers laterally flex the neck
lower fibers rotate neck to opposite side

44
Q 
longus colli (longus cervicis)
-innervation
A

ventral rami of C2-C6

45
Q

longus capitis

-origin

A

anterior tubercles of transverse process of vertebrae C3-C6

46
Q

longus capitis

-insertion

A

anterior and inferior surface of occipital bone

47
Q

longus capitis

-action

A

flexes neck and head

48
Q

longus capitis

-innervation

A

ventral rami of C1-C2

49
Q

rectus capitis anterior

-origin

A

anterior surface of lateral mass of atlas and transverse process

50
Q

rectus capitis anterior

-insertion

A

inferior surface of occipital bone, anterior to occipital condyle

51
Q

rectus capitis anterior

-action

A

flexes head at AO joint?
these small muscles in addition to suboccipital muscles probably act at AA and AO as stabilizers rather than prime movers

52
Q

rectus capitis anterior

-innervation

A

ventral rami of C1-C2

53
Q

rectus capitis lateralis

-origin

A

upper surface of the transverse process of atlas

54
Q

rectus capitis lateralis

-insertion

A

inferior surface of jugular process of occipital bone

55
Q

rectus capitis lateralis

-action

A

flexes head laterally?
these small muscles in addition to suboccipital muscles probably act at AA and AO as stabilizers rather than prime movers

56
Q

rectus capitis lateralis

-innervation

A

ventral rami of C1-C2

57
Q

infrahyoid muscles (strap muscles)

A

sternohyoid
sternothyroid
thyrohyoid
omohyoid

58
Q

sternohyoid

-origin

A

manubrium of sternum and medial end of clavicle

59
Q

sternohyoid

-insertion

A

body of hyoid bone

60
Q

sternohyoid

-action

A

depresses hyoid bone after it has been elevated for swallowing

61
Q

sternohyoid

-innervation

A

C1-C3 from ansa cervicalis

62
Q

sternothyroid

-origin

A

posterior surface of manubrium of sternum

63
Q

sternothyroid

-insertion

A

oblique line of thyroid cartilage

64
Q

sternothyroid

-action

A

depresses hyoid bone and larynx

65
Q

sternothyroid

-innervation

A

C2, C3 from ansa cervicalis

66
Q

thyrohyoid

-origin

A

oblique line of thyroid cartilage

67
Q

thyrohyoid

-insertion

A

inferior border of body and greater horn of hyoid bone

68
Q

thyrohyoid

-action

A

depresses hyoid bone

elevates larynx

69
Q

thyrohyoid

-innervation

A

C1 vya hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

70
Q

omohyoid

-origin

A

superior border of scapula near suprascapular notch

71
Q

omohyoid

-insertion

A

inferior border of hyoid bone

72
Q

omohyoid

-action

A

depresses, retracts, and steadies hyoid bone

73
Q

omohyoid

-innervation

A

C1-C3 from ansa cervicalis

S1 Anatomy (31 decks)

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