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S1 Anatomy > Skull and Cranium > Flashcards

Skull and Cranium Flashcards

1
Q 
cranial cavity (bony structure)
-function
A

protective coat for brain and branstem components of the CNS

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2
Q

what is directly inside the cranial cavity?

A

series of connective tissue layers termed mininges

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3
Q

function of meninges

A

protection and support for brain and brainstem
participate in the venous part of the vascular system for the brain
provide limits to various compartments to the brain and cranial cavity

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4
Q

important structures evident within the cranial cavity to serve to connect the brain with structures outside of the cranial cavity
-these structures must pass through

A

blood vessels
cranial nerves
must pass through meningeal layers and bones of cranium

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5
Q

bones of the skull

A 
frontal bone
parietal bones
temporal bones
sphenoid bone
occipital bone
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6
Q

frontal bone components

A

supraorbital ridge
-supraorbital foramen (notch)
coronal suture

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7
Q

coronal suture function

A

connects frontal bone to parietal bones

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8
Q

parietal bones components

A

sagittal suture
lambdoid suture
superior and inferior temporal lines

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9
Q

sagittal suture function

A

connects parietal bones

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10
Q

lambdoid suture function

A

connects parietal bones with occipital bone

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11
Q

temporal bones

-articulate with…

A

parietal
occipital
sphenoid
zygomatic

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12
Q

temporal bones parts

A

squamous part (flat part)
petromastoid part
tympanic part

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13
Q

petromastoid part of temporal bone

-components

A 
styloid process
-muscle attachment
mastoid process
-muscle attachment
-mastoid air cells
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14
Q

tympanic part of temporal bones components

A

external auditory (acoustic) meatus

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15
Q

temporal bones components

A

zygomatic process (part of zygomatic arch)
-mandibular fossa
pterion

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16
Q

pterion of temporal bone

  • articulation of…
  • when is it completely sealed off?
  • -implication
  • remnant of…
A 
articulation of
-frontal, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal bones (in temporal fossa)
never completely sealed off
-not necessarily the most stable
remnant of fibrous joint
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17
Q

sphenoid bone

  • used to be called the…
  • components
A

more structures on interior surface of skull
used to be called the pterygoid bone
-spheno- and pterygo- can be used interchangeably
components
-greater and lesser wings
-sphenoid sinuses
-medial and lateral pterygoid plates - infratemporal fossa

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18
Q

occipital bone components

A 
occipital condyles
superior and inferior nuchal lines
external occipital protuberance (inion)
foramen magnum
jugular foramen
hypoglossal foramen
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19
Q

foramen magnum is between which bones

A

occipital

temporal

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20
Q

bones of the face

A

nasal bones
maxilla bones
mandible
zygomatic bone

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21
Q

maxilla bones components

A 
intermaxillary suture - hard suture
maxillary sinus
zygomatic process
frontal process
infraorbital foramen (notch)
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22
Q

mandible

-parts

A

body
ramus
coronoid process
condylar process

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23
Q

body of mandible components

A

mental foramen
alveolar processes
mylohyoid line

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24
Q

mylohyoid line

divides…

A

sublingual and submandibular fossa

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25
Q

ramus of mandible components

A

lingula

mandibular foramen

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26
Q

zygomatic bone

  • articulates with…
  • component
A 
articulates with
-frontal
-maxilla
-sphenoid
-temporal
component
-zygomatic arch
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27
Q

zygomatic arch is made up of…

A

zygomatic process of temporal bone

temporal process of zygomatic bone

28
Q

orbit

-names of the walls

A

superior
medial
inferior
lateral

29
Q

superior wall components

A

orbital plate of frontal bone
lesser wing of sphenoid bone
optic canal

30
Q

medial wall components

A

ethmoid bone
frontal bone
lacrimal bone
sphenoid bone

31
Q

inferior wall components

A

maxilla
zygomatic bone
orbital process of palatine bone
inferior orbital fissure - maxillary nerve (CN V)

32
Q

lateral wall components

A

frontal process of zygomatic bone
greater wing of sphenoid bone
superior orbital fissure - CN III, IV, V, VI

33
Q

infratemporal fossa

-what can be seen in the roof

A 
foramen ovale
foramen spinosum (both can be seen in the sphenoid bone)
34
Q

foramen ovale and foramen spinosum are continuous with…

A

foramen in middle cranial fossa

35
Q

foramen rotundum (in infratemporal fossa)

  • what is it?
  • where does it exit?
A

opening in the floor of the middle cranial fossa
exits at the rostral end of the infratemporal fossa as the inferior orbital fissure (no foramen rotundum in the roof of the infratemporal fossa)

36
Q

borders of infratemporal fossa

A 
ramus of mandible
lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone
styloid process of temporal bone
condylar process of mandible
greater wing of sphenoid bone
-foramen ovale, foramen rotundum
37
Q

hard palate

-components

A

maxilla - palatine process

palatine bones

38
Q

nasal septum

-made up of…

A

vomer

perpendicular plates of the ethmoid bone

39
Q

perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone

  • location
  • this region is covered with…
A

extends inferiorly from the cribiform plate (part of ethmoid boen with holes) into the nasal cavity
this region of nasal septum covered with epithelium containing the olfactory nerves (CN I) that go through the cribiform plate

40
Q

nose components

A 
nasal bones
frontal processes of maxilla
nasal processes of frontal bone
ethmoid bone
inferior nasal conchae
vomer
41
Q

ethmoid bone components

A

superior and middle nasal conchae

42
Q

superior and middle nasal conchae

  • what are they
  • purpose
A

bone “bubbles” on the lateral side of the nasal cavity

each have a respective meatus (opening) beneath them that connects the sinuses with the nasal cavity

43
Q

fossae of the interior surface of the skull

A

anterior cranial fossa
middle cranial fossa
posterior cranial fossa

44
Q

anterior cranial fossa

-components

A

frontal bone
-orbital portion of frontal bone (overlies orbit)
ethmoid bone
-cribiform plate
-crista galli
sphenoid bone
-lesser wing of the sphenoid bone (caudal border of anterior cranial fossa)

45
Q

crista galli function

A

attachment of falx cerebri

46
Q

cribiform plate function

A

entrance of olfactory nerves

47
Q

middle cranial fossa

  • components
  • important arteries
A 
sphenoid bone
-lesser and greater wing forming the rostral border and concavity of the middle cranial fossa
temporal bone
arteries
-internal carotid
-middle meningeal
48
Q 
sphenoid bone (in middle cranial fossa)
-important structures
A

anterior clinoid process
posterior clinoid process
sella turcica
foramina

49
Q

anterior clinoid process

  • location
  • what is it?
A

rostral attachment

free edge of tentorium cerebelli

50
Q

posterior clinoid process

-purpose

A

attachment of diaphragma sella
dural sheath around the infundibular stalk
pituitary gland

51
Q

sella turcica

  • shape
  • function
A

saddle shaped

contains pituitary gland

52
Q

foramina

-names

A 
optic canal
superior orbital fissure
foramen rotundum
foramen ovale
foramen spinosum
foramen lacerum
53
Q

optic canal

-what nerve passes through it?

A

optic nerve (CNII)

54
Q

superior orbital fissure

-what nerves pass through it?

A

oculomotor (CN III)
trochlear (CN IV)
ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve (CN V1)
abducens (CN VI)

55
Q

foramen rotundum

-what nerve passes through it

A

maxillary division of trigenimal nerve (CN V2)

56
Q

foramen ovale

-what nerve passes through it

A

mandibular division of trigeminal nerve (CN V3)

57
Q

foramen spinosum

-what passes through it

A

middle meningeal artery

58
Q

foramen lacerum

-function

A

nothing really, but lies under interal carotid artery

59
Q

temporal bone (middle cranial fossa) parts

A

squamous and petrous parts

trigeminal impression

60
Q

interal carotid artery

-loaction

A

enters on the base of the skull through the carotid canal that bends through the base of the temporal bone and then enters middle carnial fossa above foramen lacerum

61
Q

middle meningeal artery

-location

A

embedded in dura, along temporal bone - pterion

62
Q

posterior cranial fossa

-components

A

temporal bone

occipital bone

63
Q

temporal bone (posterior cranial fossa)

  • which part
  • components
A

petrous part
internal auditory meatus
-facial nerve (CN VII_, vestibulococchlear (CN VIII)
groove for superior petrosal sinus

64
Q

occipital bone

-components

A

jugular foramen
hypoglossal canal
foramen magnum
grooves for transverse, confluens, sigmoid sinuses

65
Q

jugular foramen

  • what nerves pass through?
  • what else?
A

glossopharyngeal (CN IX)
vagus (CN X)
spinal accessory (CN XI)
jugular bulb (sigmoid sinus emptying into the internal jugular vein)

66
Q

hypoglossal canal

-what nerve passes through?

A

hypoglossal (CN XII)

67
Q

foramen magnus

-continuation between…

A

brainstem and spinal cord

S1 Anatomy (31 decks)

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