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HISTOPATHOLOGY > TRIMMING AND MICROTOMY > Flashcards

TRIMMING AND MICROTOMY Flashcards

trans based

1
Q

Expected output after embedding

A

Tissue block

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2
Q

Purpose of trimming

A

To even out the edges of our tissue block

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3
Q

Removal of excess wax using a knife or cutter after the wax block is removed from the tissue cassette
or paper boat

A

trimming

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4
Q

ideal shape for trimming

A

truncated pyramid

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5
Q

2 types of trimming

A

coarse trimming
fine trimming

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6
Q

a.k.a sectioning

A

microtomy

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7
Q

what is the result for microtomy?

A

tissue ribbons

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8
Q

an indication that your sectioning is correct and you already cut thin slices of tissues which are ready to be transferred to the flotation bath.

A

tissue ribbons

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8
Q

Sections usually form ribbons due to … generated between the block and the knife edge during the process of cutting.

A

slight heat

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8
Q

Complete ribbons are picked up and transferred to a flotation bath with a

A

camel hair brush
forceps
fingers

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9
Q

To ensure the measurement or
thickness of tissue sections.

A

Pawl, Ratchet Feed Wheel, and
Adjustment Screws

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9
Q

essential parts of microtome

A

Block Holder
Knife Carrier and Knife
Pawl, Ratchet Feed Wheel, and
Adjustment Screws

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9
Q

To hold the tissue block

A

Block Holder

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10
Q

To do the actual cutting or
sectioning of the tissues.

A

Knife Carrier and Knife

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11
Q

simplest microtome invented by paldwell trefall

A

rocking microtome

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12
Q

thickness of tissues produced by the rocking microtome

A

10-12um

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13
Q

most common microtome that is used for routine and research laboratories and is invented by Minot

A

rotary microtome

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14
Q

media used in rotary microtome

A

paraffin

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15
Q

thickness of tissues produced by rotary microtome

A

3-5um

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16
Q

microtome that is excellent for serial sections

A

rotary microtome

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17
Q

microtome developed by adams

A

sliding microtome

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18
Q

Recommended for cutting “extremely” hard and rough tissue blocks. Cannot make tissue ribbons, only tissue sections.

A

sliding microtome

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19
Q

types of sliding microtome

A

Base-Sledge Microtome
Standard Sliding Microtome

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20
Q

microtome invented by quickett and is ideal for fresh tissues that did not undergo fixation down to infiltration

A

freezing microtome

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21
Q

freezing agent of freezing microtome

A

carbon dioxide

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22
Q

More common than freezing microtome. Used for rapid preparation of urgent tissue biopsies
for intraoperative diagnosis

A

cryostat or cold microtome

23
Q

temp of chamber of cryostat

A

-5 to -30 degrees

24
Q

average temp for cryostat

A

-20 degrees

25
Q

how many minutes does the cryostat capable of freezing a fresh tissue

A

2-3 minutes

26
Q

thickness of section can a cryostat can cut

A

4um

27
Q

Fluorescent antibody staining technique or histochemical enzyme studies.

A

cryostat

28
Q

cutting section of ultrathin microtome

A

0.5um

29
Q

media used for ultrathin microtome

A

plastic

30
Q

in ultrathin microtome if used in electron microscopy tissues must be fixed with …

A

osmic acid

31
Q

may also be used for cleaning
some parts of the microtome.

A

xylene

32
Q

types of tissue sections

A

paraffin
celloidin
frozen section

32
Q

most common tissue section, Successive sections will usually stick
edge-to-edge. Sections are removed in ribbons of ten to allow easy location of serial sections.

A

paraffin

33
Q

thickness of paraffin

A

4-6um

34
Q

To avoid dehydration and shrinkage,
sections are usually cut by the wet method, with both the sections and the block being kept moist with 70% alcohol during cutting.

A

celloidin

35
Q

thickness of celloidin

A

10-15um

36
Q

widely used blade because it is cheap and coated with polytetrafluoroethylene and only used for 10 tissue blocks only

A

disposable blade

37
Q

blade used for ultrathin microtomes

A

glass knive/ralph knives

37
Q

For resin blocks on ultrathin
microtomes; Brittle and expensive

A

diamond knives

37
Q

Angle between the upper facet of the knife and the surface of the tissue block.

A

cutting angle: 14 degrees

38
Q

For partially calcified materials,
paraffin, and frozen sections.

A

Safety Razor Blades

38
Q

Angle of the knife itself and between the cutting edges

A

bevel angle: 27-32 degrees

39
Q

Most important angle between the lower facet of the knife and the surface of the tissue block

A

clearing angle: 5-10 degrees

40
Q

Removing of gross nicks
To acquire an even edge
HEEL to TOE

A

HONING

41
Q

Removal of burr/irregularities
Final polishing of the knife
edge
TOE to HEEL

A

STROPPING

42
Q

most common sharpening stone

A

belgium yellow

43
Q

sharpening stone that has more polishing effect

A

Arkansas

44
Q

sharpening stone that is coarser; for badly nicked knives

A

Fine Carborundum

45
Q

sharpening stone that is excellent

A

Plate Glass

46
Q

Used for adhesion of the tissue to be examined to the slide.

A

adhesives

47
Q

most common adhesive

A

meyer’s egg albumin

48
Q

increases viscosity and prevents drying

A

glycerol

49
Q

prevents mold formation

A

thymol crystals

50
Q

Better adhesion than albumin

A

1% Gelatin

51
Q

Does not retain the stain.

A

1% Methyl Cellulose

51
Q

No background staining

A

Poly-L Lysine

52
Q

Strong adhesive;Slight dye retention, not affected by mild alkaline solutions 3 months.
Disadvantage: Blackening in silver
impregnation staining, reticulin methods, red staining in methyl green pyronin technique.

A

Sodium silicate

53
Q

Diluted 1:10 with acetone; Has the greatest adhesion

A

Resins

54
Q

Sections are floated out on a water bath set at what temp

A

45-50°C

HISTOPATHOLOGY (16 decks)

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