Robbins: Inflammation and Repair Flashcards
book based
response of vascularized tissues to infections and tissue damage.
Inflammation
initial, rapid response to infections; develops within minutes or hours and is short of duration.
Acute inflammation
Initial response fails to clear
the stimulus, the reaction
progresses to a protracted
type of inflammation.
Chronic inflammation
Roman encyclopedist who wrote the
famous text De Medicina
Celsus
surviving cells and filling of
residual defects with connective tissue (scarring)
Regeneration
series of events that heal
damaged tissue
Tissue repair
Elicits inflammation regardless of the
cause of cell death.
Tissue necrosis
what are the causes of infection
infection
tissue necrosis
foreign bodies
immune reactions
Microbial toxins are among the most
common and medically important
causes of inflammation.
Infection
May elicit inflammation by themselves or because they cause traumatic tissue injury or carry microbes.
Foreign bodies
Also known as hypersensitivity; Reactions in which the normally
protective immune system damages
the individual’s own tissues
Immune reactions
a gene that was discovered in
Drosophila; able to detect extracellular and ingested microbes.
Toll
promote lymphocyte activation and even more potent immune responses
Cytokines
receptors activate a multiprotein cytosolic complex
Inflammasome
recruits leukocytes and thus induces
inflammation.
Interleukin-1 (IL-1)
gain-of-function mutations in the
cytosolic receptors are the cause of
rare diseases; characterized by
spontaneous inflammation.
Autoinflammatory syndromes
reacts against microbes and produces mediators of inflammation.
Complement system
recognizes microbial sugars and promotes ingestion of microbes and activation of the complement system.
Mannose-binding lectin
bind to microbes and promote their phagocytosis
Collectins
Escape of fluid, proteins, and
blood cells from the vascular
system into interstitial tissues
or body cavities.
Exudation
Extravascular fluid that has a
high protein concentration and
contains cellular debris.
Exudate
Fluid with low protein content,
little or no cellular material,
and low specific gravity.
Transudate
Denotes an excess of fluid in
the interstitial tissue or serous
cavities.
Edema
A purulent exudate, is an
inflammatory exudate rich in
leukocytes.
Pus
induced by the action of several
mediators, notably histamine, on vascular smooth muscle; earliest manifestation of acute inflammation
Vasodilation
changes result in stasis of blood flow, engorgement of small vessels
jammed with slowly moving red cells.
Vascular congestion
externally as localized redness
Erythema
